Religious Fanaticism :: essays research papers

An Analysis of Moliere&8217s Satirization of Social Issues A man, or rather a fiend in flesh and inhabited as a man, the most notably impious creature and libertine who ever lived throughout the centuries, has had the im theology and abomination to take away forth from his devilish mind a play Tartuffe&8230He deserves for this sacrilegious and impious act&8230to be burned at the stake as a foretaste of the fires of hell. Pierre Roulle (1664) Moliere lived a life surrounded by controversy. After renouncing his position of Valet de Chambre Tapissier to pursue his acting career, Moliere formed a theater military operation troupe called &8220The Illustrious Theater with his mistress&8217s family, the Bejarts. The troupe struggled for two years before collapsing in 1645 under the weight of massive debts. Moliere was soon arrested for bankruptcy. After hamper was posted he fled from France with Madeline Bejart. Moliere returned to France some time later after his father paid his debts . He soon married Armande Bejart, either the sister or little girl of his first mistress, Madeline. His enemies charged him with incest. Not only his personal life, but his plays as well were considered subjects of controversy. Many were considered blasphemous. Tartuffe, for example, was forbidden from being performed for five years. Controversy followed Moliere right up to the day he died, when he was refused burial in the local cemetery because his remains would offend the sacred ground. Moliere thereby left the world in as agitated a manner as in which he had lived (Hobdell 102-105.) Comedies, of which Tartuffe is an example, aggressively satirize issues and relationships communities care the most about. The purpose of this essay is to identify these situations, as bring in Tartuffe, and to illustrate how they were important to the society for which it was written. By examining misuse of religion, destruction of paternal authority, and the corruption of the guest-host relations hip, I will demonstrate the ways in which these satirized issues were considered threats to society. A person who misuses religion has always been considered somewhat of a threat to society. During the 1600&8217s, when Tartuffe was written, this was especially true. Tartuffe, before his character is actually revealed, is discussed by the other characters as feigning his piety&8212&8220You imagine he&8217s a saint but, believe me, he&8217s nothing more than a hypocrite While all the other family members can see Tartuffe is a fake, Orgon refuses to believe it.

Edgar Allan Poes Writing Essay -- Literacy Analysis

Often times, authors single-valued function specific instances from their lives to produce ideas for stories and incorporate them into his or her works. In the gothic times, dark, threatening, horrific, morbid, depressing, bizarre, bewildering, death and insane are just some words that best describe the popular type of literature at that time. One globes name can summarize these words, Edgar Allan Poe. He is considered to be one of the greatest obscure American authors/poets whom many literary scholars still try to organise heads or tails of. People throughout the history often wondered why Poes writings are so fantastically diverse and unusual, why his literary style is dark, and why he has so many supernatural connotations in each of his writings. He displays his tragic life, achievements, and mostly his disappointments which occurred over the course of his life in a series of stories and poems. Edgar Allan Poes works are not only a product of creative genius, but also a reflect ion of his countless struggles and devastate personal experiences. These occurrences spawn the themes of untimely death, insanity, and revenge that become the focus of his macabre style of writing. Poes life experiences have a major influence in his writings, including the use of the nature of death and provocative questions about the afterlife. The favorable reason to his macabre works has been thought to be the result of experiencing the many deaths of his loved ones early in his life. Based on Poes works, he believes that the death of a beautiful woman is unquestionably the most poetic topic in the world. For example, in his later poems, most notably, and represents the imaginative repetition of his painful experiences. Jeffrey Scraba, one of the literature critics ... ...oston, Massachusetts G.K hallway&Co, 1987. N. pag. Print. Medline Plus. U.S. National Library of Medicine, 29 Aug. 2011. Web. 7 May 2012. . Poe, Edgar Allan. The Literature Network. N.p., 2012. Web. 7 May 2012. . Scraba, Jeffrey. Repetition and Remembrance in Poes Poerty. Critical Insights The Poetry of Edgar Allan Poe. Ed. Steven Frye. Pasadena California Salem Press, 2011. 34-46. Print.Stauffer, Donald B. Style and Meaning in Ligeia and William Wilson. Critical Essays on Edgar Allan Poe. Ed. Eric W. Carlson. Boston, Massachusetts G.K Hall&Co, 1987. 115-25. Print.Zlotnick-Woldenberg, Carrie. Edgar Allan Poes Ligeia An Object-Relational Interpretation. American Journal Of Psychotherapy 53.3 (1999) 403. MasterFILE Premier. Web. 29 Apr. 2012.

Different Types of American Families :: essays research papers

Family NormsThis is a guide to the norms of an American family if you are not from America and plan to live here you will bugger off this information useful. Family to most Americans is iodin of the most treasured aspects of America. All families are different but as a part of the American nine they piece of land certain norms. A typical American family is the thermonuclear family this consists of the mother father and children. The nuclear family is the most common type of family. A polygamous family includes more than one spouse. This type of family is considered wrongful in American society and in most states it is illegal. The extended family includes the mother, father, children, and other relatives like grandparents, aunts or uncles. This type of family is also common in America, but not as common as the nuclear family.Whom do Americans consider their relatives? An American family considers anyone from their bloodline to be their relatives. When two people become get hi tched with they inherit the relatives on both sides of the family, referred to as the in-laws. Whom do Americans marry?America is or so completely open on the idea of whom they can marry. One of the most wrongful marriages are those that are incestuous. The marriage of constraining kin is a huge restrict in America. This is illegal and will get you a quit ticket to jail. Another type of marriage that is taboo to America is same-sex marriages. Two people of the same-sex can not be legally married in almost all of U.S.Who has the authority in American families? It utilise to be that only the male of the family had the most authority but that has slowly been changing. With increasingly good gold making jobs opening up for women the authority of well-nigh families have shifted toward women because they are now the bread winner of the family.Different Types of American Families essays research papers Family NormsThis is a guide to the norms of an American family if you are not from America and plan to live here you will find this information useful. Family to most Americans is one of the most cherished aspects of America. All families are different but as a part of the American society they share certain norms. A typical American family is the nuclear family this consists of the mother father and children. The nuclear family is the most common type of family. A polygamous family includes more than one spouse. This type of family is considered wrongful in American society and in most states it is illegal. The extended family includes the mother, father, children, and other relatives like grandparents, aunts or uncles. This type of family is also common in America, but not as common as the nuclear family.Whom do Americans consider their relatives? An American family considers anyone from their bloodline to be their relatives. When two people become married they inherit the relatives on both sides of the family, referred to as the in-laws. Whom do Americans marry?America is almost completely open on the idea of whom they can marry. One of the most wrongful marriages are those that are incestuous. The marriage of close kin is a huge taboo in America. This is illegal and will get you a free ticket to jail. Another type of marriage that is taboo to America is same-sex marriages. Two people of the same-sex can not be legally married in almost all of U.S.Who has the authority in American families? It used to be that only the male of the family had the most authority but that has slowly been changing. With increasingly good money making jobs opening up for women the authority of some families have shifted toward women because they are now the bread winner of the family.

Life and Achievements of Henry Ford :: Biography

flavor and Achievements of Henry Ford Henry Ford was born in Dearborn, Michigan, on July 30, 1863. He died on April 7, 1947, in Dearborn. He started his career in business at the age of 16 as a machinists apprentice. He then began his career as a mechanical engineer with the Edison Illuminating society in 1888 and worked there until 1899. He founded the Ford Motor Company in 1903.He produced his first car, the Quadricycle, in 1896. He had developed this car in his bare condemnation. He finally adopted a production method that would be used forever after its introduction. In 1913 Ford implemented standardized interchangecapable parts and assembly-line techniques in his plant. This method of production is something very relevant to the field of industrial engineering. He was now able to maximize the use of his work intensity level and increase production of vehicles substantially.Ford introduced his companys most famous development, the Model T, in 1908. In its 19 years of production there were 15 million of the car produced. Despite this fact they were not the largest auto manufacturer because of Fords decision to he was too slow in adopting the come of introducing a new model of vehicle each year.Despite this times were not hard at Ford. He was granted a war production contract in 1941, at the start of World War II. His company started off by manufacturing parts for bombers and last began to produce the entire airplane. By the time of the wars completion in 1945 Fords assembly lines had successfully produced over 8000 airplanes.Aside from run an amazing business Ford had different interests, many which were charitable. Ford chartered a peace ship in 1915, in which he an other corresponding minded individuals tried to convince the leadership of the countries involved in World War I to stop the war.Life and Achievements of Henry Ford BiographyLife and Achievements of Henry Ford Henry Ford was born in Dearborn, Michigan, on July 30, 1 863. He died on April 7, 1947, in Dearborn. He started his career in production at the age of 16 as a machinists apprentice. He then began his career as a mechanical engineer with the Edison Illuminating Company in 1888 and worked there until 1899. He founded the Ford Motor Company in 1903.He produced his first car, the Quadricycle, in 1896. He had developed this car in his spare time. He finally adopted a production method that would be used forever after its introduction. In 1913 Ford implemented standardized symmetrical parts and assembly-line techniques in his plant. This method of production is something very relevant to the field of industrial engineering. He was now able to maximize the use of his work force and increase production of vehicles substantially.Ford introduced his companys most famous development, the Model T, in 1908. In its 19 years of production there were 15 million of the car produced. Despite this fact they were not the largest auto manufacturer because of Fords decision to he was too slow in adopting the practice of introducing a new model of vehicle each year.Despite this times were not hard at Ford. He was granted a war production contract in 1941, at the start of World War II. His company started off by manufacturing parts for bombers and eventually began to produce the entire airplane. By the time of the wars completion in 1945 Fords assembly lines had successfully produced over 8000 airplanes.Aside from running an amazing business Ford had other interests, many which were charitable. Ford chartered a peace ship in 1915, in which he an other like minded individuals tried to convince the leaders of the countries involved in World War I to stop the war.

The Birthday Party by Pinter as a Comedy of Manner :: essays research papers

AS COMEDY OF MANNEROnce asked what his plays are about, Pinter lobbed back a phrase the weasel under the cocktail cabinet, which he declension has been taken seriously and applied in popular criticism. Despite Pinters protestations to the contrary, many reviewers and other critics still find that Pinters remark, though facetious(teasing), is still an apt description of his plays. Now the Phrase drollery of menace is often applied to it and suggests that although they are funny, they are also frightening or menacing in a vague and undefined way. Even as they laugh, the audience is unsettled, ill at ease and uncomfortable. Pinter?s own comment clarifies it much often than not the public lecture only seems to be funny - the man in question is actually fighting a battle for his life.(What situations appear funny to us? moreover in fact for the character concerned is a terrifying experience.)Now the question arises that does Pinter?s work really go in accordance to the ?comedy of ma nners. A critic saysPinter restored theatre to its basic elements an enclosed space and unpredictable dialogue, where people are at the mercy of each other and pretence crumbles. With a minimum of plot, drama emerges from the power struggle and hide-and-seek of interlocution. Pinters drama was first perceived as a variation of absurd theatre, but has later more aptly been characterized as comedy of menace, a genre where the writer allows us to eavesdrop (spy) on the play of domination and submission hidden in the most everyday of conversations. In a typical Pinter play we meet people defending themselves against intrusion or their own impulses by establishing themselves in a reduced and controlled existence. another(prenominal) principal theme is the unpredictability and elusiveness (ambiguity) of the past. The general setting of the play is naturalistic and mundane, involving no menace. However oneness of Pinter?s greatest skills is his ability to make an evidently normal and tr ivial object, like a toy drum, appear strange and threatening. Pinter can summon forth an cash machine of menace from ordinary everyday objects and events, and one way in which this is done is by combining two apparently opposed moods, such as terror and amusement.Another technique that Pinter uses to create an atmosphere of menace is to cast doubt on almost everything in the play. One method of doing this is to have a character give a clear and decisive statement and then have him flatly deny it later on.

The Birthday Party by Pinter as a Comedy of Manner :: essays research papers

AS COMEDY OF MANNEROnce asked what his emboldens are about, Pinter lobbed back a phrase the weasel under the cocktail cabinet, which he regrets has been taken seriously and applied in popular criticism. Despite Pinters protestations to the contrary, opusy reviewers and other critics still find that Pinters remark, though facetious(teasing), is still an apt description of his plays. Now the Phrase japery of menace is often applied to it and suggests that although they are funny, they are also frightening or menacing in a vague and undefined way. Even as they laugh, the audience is unsettled, ill at ease and uncomfortable. Pinter?s own comment clarifies it more often than not the speech only seems to be funny - the man in question is actually fighting a battle for his life.(What situations appear funny to us? But in fact for the character come to is a terrifying experience.)Now the question arises that does Pinter?s work really go in accordance to the ?comedy of manners. A critic s aysPinter restored theatre to its radical elements an enclosed space and unpredictable dialogue, where people are at the mercy of each other and pretence crumbles. With a minimum of plot, drama emerges from the power press and hide-and-seek of interlocution. Pinters drama was first perceived as a variation of absurd theatre, but has later more aptly been characterized as comedy of menace, a musical style where the writer allows us to eavesdrop (spy) on the play of domination and submission hidden in the most mundane of conversations. In a typical Pinter play we meet people defending themselves against intrusion or their own impulses by establishing themselves in a reduced and controlled existence. Another principal theme is the unpredictability and elusiveness (ambiguity) of the past. The usual setting of the play is naturalistic and mundane, involving no menace. However one of Pinter?s greatest skills is his ability to make an apparently normal and trivial object, like a toy dr um, appear strange and threatening. Pinter can summon forth an atmosphere of menace from ordinary everyday objects and events, and one way in which this is done is by combining two apparently opposed moods, such as terror and amusement.Another technique that Pinter uses to create an atmosphere of menace is to cast doubt on almost everything in the play. One method of doing this is to have a character give a clear and definite statement and then have him categorically deny it later on.

My professional philosophy statement Essay

My goal is to supply a safe, nurturing, child-centered environment with a high-quality educational program that serves diverse children and families.PhilosophyMy philosophical beliefs are based in my knowledge of child development, theories of child behavior, and acceptable best practices for educating young children Understanding childrens play and the teachers role in guiding and facilitating cognitive, social, emotional and physical development through play. Building relationships with children and families through dialogue, understanding, and interactive experiences. Encouraging children to devil decisions while learning and to understand how their decisions affect others. Guiding children through teacher-planned, child-initiated activities based on childrens interests. These activities enhance childrens skills in only areas of development. My goal is to provide an environment that is safe, accessible, interesting, and child-centered. I want to provide nurturance, guidance and experiences to maximize childrens total development. This is based on following statementsAll children have the right to be accepted, respected, and embraced as competent. Children are continuous learners and learn best within the context of family and their everyday experiences. Children construct knowledge by active participation with real materials and the environment. dispatch play is essential in developing the cognitive skills of children. Development of the whole child with a focus on promoting social, emotional, cognitive, and physical development should always be the main goal. Assessment of children should be on-going, reflective of childrens experiences, and occur within the context of daily classroom activities. Childrens family/cultural backgrounds broaden the curriculum for all children. Collaboration between families and teachers supports the development of the child and home-school relationships. My continuous professional development enhances my abilities to teach .

The Lost Duke of Wyndham Chapter Fourteen

After five years at Belgrave, ornament had be practise, if not accustomed, then at least aware of just what could be accomplished with a bit of prestige and a great deal of m maveny. N atomic number 53theless, even she was amazed at how quickly their travel plans fell into bustling. Within three days a private yacht had been give upd to ferry them from Liverpool to Dublin and then wait at the dock for as long as necessary, apparently until they were ready to decease to England. whizz of doubting doubting doubting Thomass secretaries had been dispatched to Ireland to arrange for their stay. Grace had matte nothing but pity for the poor man as he was forced to listen to and then repeat, double the dowagers copious and highly detailed instructions. She herself was physical exertiond to the dowagers ways, but the secretary, accustomed to dealing with a farther- take away more than reasonable employer, looked nearly ready to cry.Only the prohibitedstrip of inns would do f or such a traveling party, and of course they would look to the finest set of rooms in each establishment.If the rooms were already reserved, the innkeepers would have to make arrangements to place the other travelers elsewhere. The dowager told Grace that she interchangeabled to send someone ahead in cases like these. It was only polite to give the innkeepers a bit of notice so they could find alternate accommodations for their other guests.Grace thought it would have been more polite not to give the boot to people whose only crime was to reserve a room prior to the dowager, but all she could do was offer the poor secretary a sympathetic smile. The dowager wasnt going to alternate her ways, and besides, shed already launched into her bordering set of instructions, which pertained to cleanliness, food, and the preferred dimensions of hand towels.Grace spent her days dashing about the castle, preparing for the voyage and passing along important messages, since the other three inh abitants seemed intractable to debar one another.The dowager was as surly and rude as ever, but now there was an underlying layer of giddiness that Grace found disconcerting. The dowager was excite about the upcoming journey. It was enough to leave even the most experienced of companions uneasy the dowager was never excited about anything.Pleased, yes satisfied, often (although un satisfied was a far more frequent emotion). yet excited? Grace had never witnessed it.It was matchless, because the dowager did not seem to like Mr. Audley very well, and it was clear that she respected him not at all. And as for Mr. Audley he returned the sen cadencent in spades. He was much like Thomas in that regard. It seemed to Grace that the two men might have been fast friends had they not met under such strained circumstances.But while Thomass dealings with the dowager were frank and direct, Mr. Audley was much more sly.He was unendingly provoking the dowager when in her company, always read y with a comment so subtle that Grace could only be sure of his meaning when she caught his secret smile.There was always a secret smile. And it was always for her.Even now, just thinking about it, she found herself hugging her arms to her body, as if holding it tightly against her nubble. When he smiled at her, she felt it as if it were more than something to be seen. It landed upon her like a kiss, and her body responded in kind a little flip in her stomach, pink heat on her cheeks. She retained her composure, because that was what shed been trained to do, and she even managed her own categorization of reply the tiniest of curves at the corners of her mouth, maybe a change in the way she held her gaze. She knew he power saw it, too. He saw everything. He liked to play at being obtuse, but he had the keenest eye for observation she had ever known.And all through this, the dowager pressed forward, single-minded in her determination to wrest the title from Thomas and give it t o Mr. Audley. When the dowager spoke of their upcoming journey, it was never if they found proof, it was when they found it. Already she had begun to plan how best to announce the change to the rest of society.Grace had noticed that she was not particularly discreet about it, either. What was it the dowager had said just the other day right in confront of Thomas? Something about having to redraw endless contracts to reflect the proper ducal name. She had even turned to him and asked if he thought that anything hed signed while duke was legally binding.Grace had thought Thomas a master of restraint for not throttling her on the spot. Indeed, all he said was,It will hardly be my problem should that come to pass. And then, with a mocking bow in the dowagers direction, he left the room.Grace was not sure why she was so surprised that the dowager did not censor herself in front of Thomas it wasnt as if shed shown a care for anyone elses feelings before. But surely this qualified as ext raordinary circumstances. Surely even Augusta Cavendish could see where it might be hurtful to stand in front of Thomas and talk about how she planned to go about his public humiliation.And as for Thomas he was not himself. He was drinking too much, and when he wasnt closeted in his study, he stalked about the house like a moody lion. Grace tried to avoid him, partly because he was in such poor temper, but mostly because she felt so guilty about everything, so unconscionably disloyal for liking Mr. Audley so well.Which left him. Mr. Audley. Shed been spending too much duration with him. She knew it but could not seem to help herself. And it really wasnt her fault. The dowager kept sending her on errands that put her in his sphere.Liverpool or Holyhead which port do better sense for their departure? Surely Jack (the dowager still refused to weep him Mr. Audley, and he would not respond to anything Cavendish) would know.What might they expect from the weather? Find Jack and ask h is opinion.Could one obtain a decent pot of tea in Ireland? What about once theyd left the purlieu of Dublin? And then, after Grace had reported back with Yes and for Gods sake (amended to remove the blasphemy), she was sent on her way again to determine if he even knew how to reckon a teas quality.It was almost embarrassing to ask him this. It should have been, but by that point they were bursting out laughing just at the sight of each other. It was like that all the time now. He would smile. And then she would smile. And she was reminded just how much better she liked herself when she had reason to smile.Just now the dowager had ordered her to find him for a wide-eyed accounting of their proposed route through Ireland, which Grace found odd, since she would have thought the dowager had worked that out by then.But she was not about to complain, not when the task two removed her from the dowagers presence and placed her in Mr. Audleys. Jack, she whispered to herself. He was Jack . His name suited him perfectly, dashing and carefree.John was far too staid, and Mr. Audley too formal. She hopeed him to be Jack, even though she had not allowed herself to say it aloud to him, not since their kiss.He had teased her about it he always teased her about it. Hed prodded and cajoled and told her she must use his given name or he would not respond, but she remained steadfast. Because once she did, she was afraid she could never go back. And she was already so perilously close to losing her heart forever.It could happen. It would happen if she let it. She had only to let go. She could close her eyes and imagine a futurewith him, and children, and so much laughter.But not here. Not at Belgrave, with him as the duke.She wanted Sillsby back. Not the house, since that could never be, but the feeling of it. The comfortable warmth, the kitchen garden that her mother had never been too important to attend. She wanted the evenings in the session room the sitting room, she reminded herself, the only one. Nothing that had to be described with a color or a fabric or a location in spite of appearance the building. She wanted to read by the fire with her husband, pointing out bits that amused her, and laughing when he did the same.That was what she wanted, and when she had the courage to be expert with herself, she knew that she wanted it with him.But she wasnt often honest with herself. What was the point? He didnt know who he was how could she know what to dream?She was protecting herself, holding her heart in armor until she had an answer. Because if he was the Duke of Wyndham, then she was a fool.As fine a house as Belgrave was, Jack much preferred to spend time out of doors, and now that his mount had been transferred to the Wyndham stables (where his horse was certainly wallowing in joy over the endless carrots and warm accommodations), he had taken up the habit of a ride each morning.Not that this was so very far from his prior routine Jack usual ly found himself on horseback by late morning. The difference was that before hed been going somewhere, or, on occasion, fleeing from somewhere. Now he was out and about for sport, for constitutional exercise. Strange, the life of a gentleman. Physical exertion was achieved through organized behavior, and not, as the rest of society got it, through an honest days work.Or a dishonest one, as the case often was.He was returning to the house it was difficult to call it a castle, even though thats what it was it always made him want to roll his eyes on his fourth day at Belgrave, feeling invigorated by the soft bite of the wind over the fields.As he walked up the steps to the main door, he caught himself peering this way and that, hoping for a glimpse of Grace even though it was highly unlikely shed be out of doors. He was always hoping for a glimpse of Grace, no matter where he was. Just the sight of her made something tickle and fizz within his chest. Half the time she did not even see him, which he did not mind. He rather enjoyed watching her go about her duties. But if he stared long enough and he always did there was never any good reason to place his eyes anywhere else she always sensed him. Eventually, even if he was at an odd angle, or obscured in shadows, she felt his presence, and shed turn.He always tried to play the seducer then, to gaze at her with smoldering intensity, to see if shed melt in a pool of whimpering desire.But he never did. Because all he could do, whenever she looked back at him, was smile like a lovesick fool. He would have been repel with himself, except that she always smiled in return, which never failed to turn the tickle and fizz into something even more bubbly and carefree.He pushed open the door to Belgraves front hall, pausing for a moment once he was inside. It took a few seconds to adjust to the abrupt lack of wind, and indeed, his body gave an unprompted little shake, as if to push away the chill. This in addition gave him time to glance about the hall, and indeed, he was rewarded for his diligence.Miss Eversleigh he called out, since she was at the far end of the long space, presumably off on another one of the dowagers ridiculous errands.Mr. Audley, she said, smiling as she walked toward him.He shrugged off his coat (presumably purloined from the ducal closet) and handed it to a footman, marveling, as always, at how the servants seemed to materialize from nowhere, always at the lead moment they were needed.Someone had trained them well. He was close enough to his military days to appreciate this.Grace reached his side before he had even pulled off his gloves. Have you been out for a ride? she asked.Indeed. Its a perfect day for it.Even with all the wind?Its best with wind.I trust you were reunited with your horse?Indeed. Lucy and I make a fine team.You ride a mare?A gelding.She blinked with curiosity, but not, strangely, surprise. You named your gelding Lucy?He gave his shrug a bit of dramatic flair. It is one of those stories that loses something in the retelling.In truth, it involved drink, three separate wagers, and a propensity for the contrary that he was not certain he was proud of.I am not much of an equestrienne, she said. It was not an apology, just a statement of fact.By choice or circumstance?A bit of both, she replied, and she looked a bit curious, as if shed never thought to ask herself that question.You shall have to join me sometime. She smiled ruefully. I hardly think that falls within the scope of my duties to the dowager.Jack rather doubted that. He remained jealous of the dowagers motives as pertained to Grace she seemed to thrust Grace in his direction at every possible occasion, like some piece of ripened fruit, dangled before his wind to entice him to stay put. He found it all rather appalling, but wasnt about to deny himself the pleasure of Graces company just to spite the old bat.Bah, he said. All the best companions go riding with the housegues ts.Oh. So dubious. Really.Well, they do in my imagination, at least.Grace shook her head, not even trying not to smile. Mr. AudleyBut he was looking this way and that, his manner almost comically surreptitious. I think were alone,he whispered.Grace leaned in, feeling very sly. Which means?You can call me Jack.She pretended to consider. No, I dont think so.I wont tell.Mmmm Her nose scrunched, and then a matter-of-fact No.You did it once.She pressed her lips together, suppressing not a smile, but a mature laugh. That was a mistake.Indeed.Grace gasped and turned. It was Thomas.Where the devil did he come from? Mr. Audley murmured.From the small saloon, Grace thought miserably. The entrance was right behind them. Thomas frequently spent time there, reading or tending to his correspondence. He said he liked the afternoon light.But it wasnt afternoon. And he smelled like brandy.A pleasant conversation, Thomas drawled. One of many, I assume.Were you eavesdropping? Mr. Audley said mildly. For shame.Your grace, Grace began, I Its Thomas, he cut in derisively, or dont you recall? Youve used my name far more than once.Grace felt her cheeks grow hot. Shed not been sure how much of the conversation Thomas had heard.Apparently, most of it.Is that so? Mr. Audley said. In that case, I insist you call me Jack. He turned to Thomas and shrugged. Its only fair.Thomas made no verbal reply, although his thunderous expression spoke volumes. Mr. Audley turned back to her and said, I shall call you Grace.You will not, Thomas snapped.Mr. Audley remained as calm as ever. Does he always make these decisions for you?This is my house, Thomas returned.Possibly not for long, Mr. Audley murmured.Grace actually lurched forward, so sure was she that Thomas was going to stumble at him. But in the end Thomas only chuckled.He chuckled, but it was an awful sound.Just so you know, he said, looking Mr. Audley in the eye, she doesnt come with the house.Grace looked at him in shock.Just what do you mean by that? Mr. Audley inquired, and his phonate was so smooth, so purposefully polite, that it was impossible not to hear the bunt of steel underneath.I think you know.Thomas, Grace said, trying to intercede.Oh, were back to Thomas, are we?I think he fancies you, Miss Eversleigh, Mr. Audley said, his tone almost cheerful.Dont be ridiculous, Grace said immediately. Because he didnt. He couldnt. If Thomas had Well, hed had years to make it known, not that anything could have come of it.Thomas crossed his arms and gave Mr. Audley a stare the sort that sent most men scurrying for the corners.Mr. Audley merely smiled. And then he said, I wouldnt wish to keep you from your responsibilities.It was a dismissal, elegantly worded and undeniably rude. Grace could not intrust it. No one spoke to Thomas that way.But Thomas smiled back. Ah, now they are my responsibilities?While the house is still yours.Its not just a house, Audley.Do you think I dont know that?No one spoke. Mr. Audleys v oice had been a hiss, low and urgent.And scared.Excuse me, Thomas said abruptly, and while Grace watched in silence, he turned and walked back into the small saloon, shutting the door firmly behind him.After what felt like an eternity, just staring at the flannel paint on the door, Grace turned back to Mr.Audley. You should not have provoked him.Oh, I should not have been provoking?She let out a tense breath. Surely you understand what a difficult position he is in.As opposed to mine, he said, in quite the most awful voice shed heard him use. How I adore being kidnapped and held against my will.No one has a gun to your head.Is that what you think? His tone was mocking, and his eyes said he could not believe her naivete.I dont think you even want it, Grace said. How was it this had not occurred to her before? How had she not seen it?Want what? he practically snapped.The title. You dont, do you?The title, he said icily, doesnt want me.She could only stare in horror as he turned on hi s heel and strode off.

Zoo’s Life

Every family goes to the menagerielogical garden They see numerous puppets such as monkeys, elephants, giraffes and many other wild and exotic animals. Nowadays, a lot of animals live in zoos, which mean that state can be able to see animals that argon not from the country or steady continent. Also, some animals stomach lost or that might be extinction so they create a zoo to confirm the animals safe. There atomic number 18 some benefits and negatives of keeping animals in zoos. Frist benefit for keeping the animals in zoo is to prevent them from extinction and other from lost.There are many animals nigh to extinction because wad are hunting them so the put those animals in zoo to help them to survive and keep them safe from those people and keep their species existing. Also, those animals have enough food in zoo regularly but when they were in wild, there were starving to find a food or even water. A second benefit for keeping the animals in zoo is that the animals have a very healthy life conditions in zoos.People who work in zoo are taking care of the animals, they feed them every day and they let them live as close to the natural habits that they were used to live in as possible. For example, their places are design to help them to adapt with it as they were before. On the other hand, keeping them in the zoo are so stressful for them because so many people are coming every day to see those animals which introduce those animals more stress and this is not what they were used to live in.Third benefit for keeping the animals in zoo is that the zoo is a very good for people to learn those animals. People who work in zoo are more able to study those animals and make a lot of tests to them. Also, people who visit the zoo can be able to educate themselves by learning about each animal what the animal like, live eat, etc Thus, zoos give people the opportunities to understand the relationship with animals and how they can interact with them. In conclusio n, there are many advantages and disadvantages of keeping those animals in zoo.Zoo is a good place to protect animals from the wild life. It helps to create a very good environment for them in order to be so close from what they were live in. also, people who want to study animals, they can easily study them in zoo rather than in wild areas because it saves time and effort. In my opinion, keeping the animals in zoo are more safer because wild life are not predictable to them, they might kill by any kind of wild animals or even human being so keep them in the zoo are good for their protection from outside world and prevent them from extinction

Planet Hollywoo

Marketing 520 Marketing Plan for artificial satellite Hollywood Midterm Report Marwan Soliman Noha Abdel Fayad Hadil Abdel Fayad May Abdeen Table of Contents party Background2 Mission Statement2 Comp some(prenominal) History2 Situation epitome2 Environmental S displacening2 Macro environmental Forces2 Micro environmental Forces2 Competitive Analysis2 SWOT Analysis2 Market Segmentation2 Demographic2 Psychographic2 Behavioral2 Targeting2 Targeting Strategy2 Problem Statement2 Works Cited2 Comp either Background pla shekels Hollywood is a trademark for eating places, bars, casinos, and resorts that was open up in 1991 by its go Robert Earl and his partners and stockholders Bruce Willis and Sylvester Stall integrity. major(ip) planet Hollywood distinguishes itself with the unique experience it offers its customers from gaming and live entertainment at the Hollywood themed venues. The focus of this food marketing plan is the Planet Hollywood restaurants that agree the Hollywood inspiration with its long collection of Hollywood props and souvenirs from top rated movies and TV shows that decorate the place and the wide collection of items available for sale.Planet Hollywood strives to moment as a creator and developer of consumer marques that take advantage of the universal appeal of movies, sports, and otherwise entertainment-establish themes The unforgettable dining experience at Planet Hollywood is sinless with its delicious diverse menu of salads, burgers, and much more than. Currently, Planet Hollywood has sixteen bug outsetes all over the world at which ternary of these ar located in the core East (Dubai, Reyadh, and Kuwait). Mission Statement Planet Hollywood International Inc. s a guest-driven alliance committed to providing its guests with an exciting inside look at Hollywood, combining with exceptional diet, outstanding merchandise and uncompromising serve up in e genuinely one of its restaurants. It recognize that its success is achi eved by hiring, retaining and developing quality associates. We sustain a pass aroundion for our guests We c atomic number 18 about our associates We do non compromise our tall school standards We maintain a sense of urgency in everything we do We constantly strive to improve We be team operateers Company HistoryPlanet Hollywood International Inc. is the controlling body for entertainment- base theme restaurants located throughout the world. Planet Hollywood International in concomitant runs five Official completely Star Cafe restaurants, a chain that focuses on professional sports and follows a sports-bar theme, and several heighten Planet Ice Cream shops. The management of the company is currently focusing on its core business of restaurants. The first Planet Hollywood restaurant receptive in modern York City in 1991 however the events leading to its beginning started 20 eld before that date.In 1972, Robert Earl centripetaled a dinner theater in London called The Beefeater that offered its customers a dining experience with a medieval theme. Earl earned a degree in hotel and restaurant management the University of Surrey. He was emotional about creating entertainment-based restaurants such as Talk of London, Shakespeares Tavern, and The Cockney Club. In the 1980s, Earl foresaw the promising Ameri chiffonier markets that would guarantee the success of his entertainment-themed restaurants. He started off with selling his concepts to the developers of a then- novel Disney worldly concern called EPCOT Center.Although the deal was unsuccessful, Earl decided to stay in Florida at which he opened several restaurants focusing on medieval and Wild West ideas until he interchange it to a larger holding company in the mid-1980s. In 1989, Earl was appointed the new(a) chief executive for the Hard Rock carrying into action under Mecca unfilled. The Hard Rock Cafe chain is a music industry-based theme restaurants. With his new position, Earl create d 20 Hard Rock Cafes in the eastern region. Meanwhile, Earl partnered with Keith Barish, a acquire manufacturing business at that time to open the first Planet Hollywood mentioned earlier.Barish and Earl looked at music, movies, and sports as means that bridge differences of language and other differences between people sustenance in different places. Planet Hollywood witnessed immediate success its museum-like decorations and its outstanding marketing plan attracted trillions of customers. Earl and Barish asked celebrities such as Arnold Schwarzenegger, Sylvester Stallone, Bruce Willis, Demi Moore, and Whoopi Goldberg to act as restaurants avowers at which they would pass by their restaurant to check in and mingle briefly with their fans.A twelvemonth later Earl left Mecca Leisure to plan the planetary introduction of Planet Hollywood restaurants actors put one over Johnson and his then wife Melanie Griffith, director John Hughes, comedienne Roseanne, and actors Tom Arnold, W esley Snipes, and Danny Glover became investors by then. By mid-1993, Planet Hollywood International had opened its branches in London and southern calcium and was completing the construction of a fourth branch in Chicago. Architect David Rockwell was hired to design the new branches. The branches were created to seat more than 200 people.Each branch contained film props and floor layouts that were unique to their locations. Dorothys dress from The Wizard of Oz, the pottery wheel used by Demi Moore and Patrick Swayze in Ghost, a replica of the castle from Dracula, the Batmobile, the Flintstone buggy, and a malleable model of the meat slab that was pulverized by Stallone in the film Rocky were all items put on display in different locations. Celebrities hand prints walls and big-screen televisions to play promotional clips for upcoming movies were further attractions found at Planet Hollywood.Peter Morton Hard Rock International executive at that time filed a suit against Earl and P lanet Hollywood claiming that Earl had copied that Hard Rock concept. Earl dismissed the charges and the case against Planet Hollywood never amounted to much in court. In addition, Planet Hollywood continued its prevail up the ladder of success and became well-known in the theme restaurant business. By the end of 1993, Planet Hollywood expanded to shit eleven new branches in different states. The opening of each branch was a major gala event that attracted crowds who were eager to see celebrities and different famous media figures.Each new branch generated revenues worth $ 15 million. Selling licensed Planet Hollywood merchandise in addition to military service feed and drinks from a diverse menu were a major attraction of customers. Key rings, T-shirts, sweatshirts, consumees, and leather coats are examples of the items sold at the restaurants. The merchandize selling not only boosted the revenues by differentiating Planet Hollywood but its popularity pushed it to open separat e retail stores called Planet Hollywood Superstores, a move that further increased yearly profits.In 1994, Planet Hollywood continued expanding to open branches worldwide. The company similarly began establishing other theme-restaurant ideas such as the Official All Star Cafe. Barish and Earl realized the peoples key interest in celebrities life and continued expanding based on that. They continued recruiting professional sports figures to invest such as hockey great Wayne Gretzky, football icon Joe Montana, and basketball superstar Shaquille ONeal. Also in 1994, the company opened what would become its highest income generator branch at Las Vegas. The Las Vegas restaurant was designed to seat .The branches opening drew more than 10,000 people who sat on stadium-like bleachers to watch the stars arrivals at the event. Later that year, another 500-seater of Planet Hollywood opened in Orlandos Disney World. With that branch, Earl and Barish became officially the owners of the two hig hest-profit generating restaurants in the United States. In 1996 the company decided to go public not only by offering stocks but the company also convinced MBNA to issue Planet Hollywood VISA credit card that gave cardholders priority seating at the restaurants.A joint venture with ITT Corporation was also established to develop Planet Hollywood casinos in Las Vegas and Atlantic City. Furthermore, Marvel entertainment Group, Inc. and Planet Hollywood International decided to develop comic book character-based restaurant theme calling it Marvel Mania. Ideas for a new concept called Chefs of the World, which was to lark a star-studded culinary staff, also began to rise. Celebrity support received through their ownership and investment in the chains made Planet Hollywood and All Stars Cafe unique by all standards. In only five years the company had grown from one $3. million restaurant in New York to an al just about $300 million operation with approximately 50 units throughout the world. Situation Analysis The dining service in Egypt has witnessed a huge change in the last few years . Dining out became part of the lifestyle of Egyptians who can enjoy such leisure. People are constantly quest new diners, especially international ones they try during their trips abroad, they see in foreign movies or hear about from friends. During this period of changes, several international diners opened in Egypt and have proven to be successfully attracting customers.Although different people are always seeking different styles such as Authentic Egyptian, Italian, Shisha serving cafes, quick coffee serving cafes, each sector proved to come on their own clientele. Places such as Hardrock Cafe, Apple Bees and Rainforest Cafe have their own successful cases that should be similar to Planet Hollywoods. Egyptians in general are usually very interested in celebrities and their lives. Planet Hollywood can easily depend on this point in its marketing plan and focus. Environmental Scanning Macro environmental Forces Socio-cultural FactorsThere are more than 50 million people between the ages of 15 and 45 in Egypt which is approximately 65% of the population . This, as a result, has a great impact on the spirit of the diet service sales. The young generation has changing lifestyles and eating habits. They mainly go out for dinning as it is considered a source of entertainment. As such, the demand for the food services represented in fast food restaurants, informal dining, cafes/bars, has increased tremendously. However, in Egypt, both men and women are usually seeking places where then can smoke shisha.Usually, international chains forbid smoking of shisha in their restaurants as part of their regulations to avoid health and environmental hazards. Economic Factor The Egyptian population is mainly divided into two classes of either rich or poor. The middle class in between is demising. According to the World Bank Statistics of 2005, the income divvy up help by the highest 20% of the Egyptian population is 41. 5% while the share of the next 20% is only 12. 6%. It is believed that this gap is not acquiring any smaller if not getting wider.The top 20% of the population are consistent with their dining out experience as eating out is considered a main sources of entertainment. Political Factors With the political instability in the country since the January 25th events, dining out is considered one of the few sources of entertainment that remained stable since other sources of entertainment such as parties and concerts are no longer as available as before. Restaurants are more likely to any new expansions devising it the right time for Planet Hollywood to open and establish a good solid base in Egypt.However, this political instability also represents a risk to any new business especially with the lack of security witnessed. This security issue will have to be accounted for in choosing the location and operation of the restaurant. Enviro nmental Factors Air pollution in Egypt and especially in capital of Egypt is a matter of serious concern. The air quality in downtown Cairo is more than 10 to 100 times of acceptable world standards. In addition, the layout of tall buildings and narrow streets prevent the pollution from escaping and result in a obtuse and grey air.As a result, open-air restaurants in some areas, especially downtown Cairo and high density areas, may face some problems and may not be convenient all the time. Therefore, people are looking more for indoor recreation. Another concern is the availability of high quality raw corporal in Egypt. Due to the lack of training and education, there are a lot of improper agricultural practices, poor hygiene at all stages of food chain, absence of preventive controls in food processing and preparation operations.In addition, misuse of chemicals, raw materials contamination, inadequate or improper storage are also concerns for the food industry in Egypt. Such a si tuation highlights the importance of a high quality control process that should be implemented in any restaurant. Technological Factors People now have access to the internet all the time. They became more demanding and want to follow a certain lifestyle. They know exactly what they are looking for and where they can get which as a result creates a significant challenge in terms of meeting demands and defeating competition.Yet, this is a good fortune since marketing can now be done easily using cheap online campaigns reaching the targeted customers. Micro environmental Forces Employees Employees are the image of any place, their billet and commitment straightaway affects the restaurants reputation and customer perception of the place. Research has shown that 70% of customers return to a restaurant is usually related to the service and their positive experiences with employees 68% of defecting customers leave due to negative employee attitudes.Therefore, Planet Hollywoods employee s should be experienced and passionate. They should receive regular trainings and should always be prompt to do their best. In addition, they will be closely monitored to gurantee that the customers are always satisfied. Suppliers Quality and freshness are the most important factors of the food served in any restaurant. Therefore, reliable food service suppliers take part in the success of any restaurant. Planet Hollywood will seek suppliers that will provide high quality products with on time consistent press homey.Our strategy will be to create a partnership-like relationship with suppliers to guarentee the success of the end product. Customers Planet Hollywoods targeted clientel is already present in Egypt and is currently waiting for such an international diner to open in Egypts biggest cities such as Cairo, Alexandria and Sharm El Sheikh. Our clients would be 15-35 year old men and women seeking a luxurious yet afforadable dinning experience. Locations Prime locations that ar e easily reached with suffiecient parking places should be sought.Currently, big shopping malls and diners concentrations are considered the places-to-be by Egyptians. Locations such as City Stars, Mall of Arabia, New Cairo and 6th of October cities should be checked for potential locations. Competitive Analysis The Egyptian market is very competitive as it consists of many foodservice companies with dominant players that make it hard for small operators to succeed. This governance is due to the brands already having good grounds internationally, in addition to the huge advertising and marketing plans.Below is a list of the major competitors for Planet Hollywood. 1. Americana Egyptian Co for international touristic projects (TGI Fridays) initiatory established in 1964 as a small trading company based in Kuwait, Amricana became the most successful restaurant operator in the Middle East that owns around 650 restaurants. Americana is a contain franchisee to several leading internatio nal entities such as Hardees, Pizza Hut, KFC, TGI Fridays, Costa Cafe and Baskin-Robbins. TGI Fridays is the main brand that would present a competition to Planet Hollywood. Competitive advantage Fierce advertising and marketing plans for all its brands along with major offers and promotions. * The company has many outlets all over Egypt and is opening more and more each year. 2. Amer Group (Chilis) Started in 1993 by introducing Chilis, the famous American restaurant chain to Egypt and the Middle East, Amer Group expanded over the years to introduce more restaurants with a variety of cuisines such as Johnny Carinos, Studio Masretc. Chilis will be one of the major competitors for Planet Hollywood. Competitive advantage * High market penetration with many restaurants all over Egypt and in all the hot spots. Amer Group has managed to maintain a very good reputation among Egyptians through its many projects in different industries as well as very aggressive marketing plans. The name of the restaurants is without delay related to the group which helped them to easily achieve customer loyalty. * Casual atmosphere that fits both offspring and families. 3. Hard Rock Cafe Established in 1971 in London, Hard Rock Cafe has over 172 venues in more than 51 countries around the world. It opened its branch in Sharm el sheikh in 1998 in Naema Bay it also has one in garden city Cairo, another in Hurghada, and it is planning to open one soon in Nabe.It offers a wide selection of burgers, barbeques, and steaks, along with a variety of desserts and drinks. Internationally it is known to be among the top competitors for Planet Hollywood. Competitive advantages * It has a very good reputation worldwide that makes it an attractive place for young outgoing population, and also for tourists coming to Egypt thats why it is very successful in Sharm el Sheikh and Hurghada. * They focus on their employees and treat them like a family and create an environment of fun where the employees look forward to come to work. They also focus on customers making sure that they deliver unique entertainment and dining experience. * Their music mix is very popular and very entertaining which makes Hardrock cafe the number one destination for outgoing youth with passion for music. 4. Planet Africa Part of the Momen group, Planet Africa was established in December 2004 in Cairo and it is considered the first themed restaurant in Egypt. The restaurant has the design of a jungle with African merchandise and souvenirs available at the entrance. Planet Africa offers a wide variety of International cuisine. Competitive advantage First themed restaurant in Egypt and it is Egyptian so it attracts patriotic customers. * Ideal for families as the atmosphere is very kids friendly. * Reasonable prices relative to the portions and quality of food. 5. Sequoia With only one branch in Zamalek, Sequoia is the favorite restaurant for high end, outgoing young people. It offers a wide range of Egyp tian, Lebanese, Syrian, Italian cuisines as well as a very good sushi menu. The place also offers alcohols as well as water pipes. Competitive advantages * Sequoia is located in Zamalek with a very nice view of the Nile. Considered a hot spot among classy young population. * Sequoia hosts very successful events during Ramadan, New Years and holidays. * Suits all tastes as it offers different types of cuisines. 6. Rainforest Rainforest opened in Egypt in 2008 by Wataniya Company for operating restaurants, the leading company in restaurant management in the Middle East, at the City Stars Mall. The design of the place is like a jungle with all types of animals. The high technology fitted into the design changes the sounds of animals every 10 proceeding through CDs and there is a thunder storm every 30 minutes. Competitive advantage Well known brand world wide * The high tech atmosphere of the jungle simulation makes it very attractive for kids and families. * Very good quality of food. SWOT Analysis Strengths * Strong popular name among assorted groups of the targeted market discussion section. * Branches already exists in nearby countries such as Dubai, Kwait and Riyad, with similar culture and menu adjustments. * Offers a variety of food that is already familiar and love by the Egyptian population. * Well known for tourists visiting Egypt. * Strong established system of management that could be easily trained and implemented among local employees. availability of kids menu and kids friendly atmosphere. * Ability to host both small and large events as well as offer outside catering. Weaknesses * Requires huge investment to find and build a branch that would be located in a relatively hot spot compared to competitors as well as big comme il faut to maintain the restaurant image worldwide. * Prices are relatively high compared to some of the major competitors Opportunities * Egypt is a huge market that is now welcoming any new investment after the recession t hat occurred after the 25th of January events. Dinning out is now one of the necessities of life due to the casual lifestyle of most of the young Egyptians as well as families. * The trend of hosting parties and events outside is becoming more and more popular among Egyptians Threats * Fierce and well known competitors that use excellent promotional techniques. * prospect of unwelcoming an Americanized restaurant * After the 25th January events, Egypt became unstable both economically and politically which makes it a risky environment for any new business. Market SegmentationDifferent strategies were used to segment the Egyptian market to identify our target market. Demographic Age Household Income Income is a very important factor in our segmentation process as Planet Hollywood is known to be an expensive high class restaurant. The spare-time activity segments are recognized * Low ? EGP 12000/year * Low- sensitive EGP 12,000/year EGP 24,000/year * Medium EGP 24,000/year EGP 12 0,000/year * Medium-High EGP 120,000 EGP 240,000/year * High ? EGP 240,000/yea Occupation * Students * Workers * Employees * Middle Managers * Executives * Professionals Small-business owners * Large-business owners Social Class Even though social class perception is directly linked to the income level of the family, but it is also influenced by the family background which is a major contributor in determining the social class. There are three basic social classes in Egypt Class A, Class B and Class C with sub categorization in each class (e. g B1, B2 and B3) . Nonetheless, it is apparent, as mentioned before that Class B is diminishing. Marital Status The marital status is reported as follows * Single 37. 31% * Married 62. 69% Psychographic LifestyleDifferent people have different lifestyle patterns that change at different stages of life. According to the Sagacity Lifestyle Model, Lifestyle has four main stages identified as follows * helpless (ex. Children living with their par ents) * Pre-family (ex. With their own households but dont have children) * Family (ex. Parents with at least one child) * Late (ex. Parents with children who left their homes) A further sub-classification is by segmenting the supra into outgoing and non-outgoing. Motives Planet Hollywood will be providing a unique kind of entertainment for its customers that is not available at any other competitors.Using the plus of celebrities investment in Planet Hollywood, customers might find various famous figures when dining might encourage customers to go. In addition, being able to position the brand as a hot spot for the different targeted segment will encourage customers to go in order to fit in and keep up with the social groups and standards. Behavioral Brand Loyalty Planet Hollywood is a strong popular name and can easily develop brand-loyal customers Benefit expectations Customers are grouped harmonise to similarities in the benefits that they look for in specific products or servi ces.Benefits as location, cleanliness, social image, food service, quality, and hospitality. Use frequency Customers are segmented according to their frequency of dinning outdoors as follows * Rarely, occasionally * once per month * twice per month * once per week * multiple times per week. Targeting Theme restaurants attract patrons based on mainly the overall dining experience and the entertainment value received. The chosen theme dictates the interior decor, music, type of food, the food presentation and the appearances of the staff. Theme restaurants also sell licensed merchandise as souvenirs.For our target market selection, we have considered several segments from which we could come up with Planet Hollywood possible target diners the most relevant segmentation schemes were age, income, social class, and lifestyle. Age Household income Social Class Lifestyle 0 15 ? EGP 12000/year Lower Dependant 15 -45 EGP 12,000/year EGP 24,000/year Lower Middle Pre-family 45-60 EGP 24,000/ year EGP 120,000/year Upper Middle Family 60-80 EGP 120,000 EGP 240,000/year Upper Late EGP 240,000/year Targeting StrategyAs for our target strategy, we will be following the differentiation strategy. We will be designing more than one promotional message with which we will be providing each segment with its specific needs and communication the different related benefits. Problem Statement Planet Hollywood is a well known international brand, offering a unique authentic Hollywood experience for its customers. The introduction of Planet Hollywood in Egypt will be a challenging process as it should emphasize on the well established brand and the unique experience offered by its famous themed restaurant.Dining service offers a huge market in Egypt, mainly because of the changing socio-cultural behaviors of people especially the lean to be more outgoing. However, the proper targeting of customers and positioning of the restaurant are of most important in establishing the differen tiated strategy of Planet Hollywood. Works Cited (n. d. ). Retrieved November 10, 2011, from AMEinfo. com The ultimate Middle East business resource www. ameinfo. com FUNDINGUNIVERSE. (n. d. ). Retrieved November 10, 2011, from Planet Hollywood International, Inc. http//www. fundinguniverse. om/company-histories/Planet-Hollywood-International-Inc-company-History1. html Hard Rock. (n. d. ). Retrieved November 10, 2011, from Hard Rock History http//www. hardrock. com/Corporate/ market segmentation psychographic segmentation . (n. d. ). Retrieved November 10, 2011, from Tutor2u http//tutor2u. net/business/marketing/segmentation-psychographic. html Planet Hollywood International, I. (2006, July 6). The PH Insider. Retrieved October 27, 2011, from http//www. planethollywoodintl. com/privacy. php PLANNING MARKETING schema AND PLANNING. (n. d. ).Retrieved November 10, 2011, from http//www. wadsworthmedia. com/marketing/sample_chapters/766816052_ch07. pdf Population. (n. d. ). Retrieved November 10, 2011, from Egypt State Information Service http//www. sis. gov. eg/En/LastPage. aspx? Category_ID=19 Restaurants. (2010). Retrieved November 10, 2011, from Amer Group Holding http//www. amer-group. com/Restaurants. aspx 2 . (Planet Hollywood International, 2006) 3 . (FUNDINGUNIVERSE) 4 . (Egypt, 2009) 5 . (http//web. worldbank. org) 6 .Hassanein, Salah. Air Pollution in Cairo The Cost. Arab world books. 7 . Egyptian Food Safety Information Center (EFSIC) 8 . Egyptian Food Safety Information Center (EFSIC) 9 . (Jim Heisler, Ph. D. , senior vp, Stakeholder Relationship Consulting) 10 . (Euromonitor International, August 2008) 11 . (Restaurants, 2010) 12 . (Hard Rock) 13 . (AMEinfo. com The ultimate Middle East business resource) 14 . (Population) 15 . (market segmentation psychographic segmentation ) 16 . (PLANNING MARKETING STRATEGY AND PLANNING) d

Biology Pearson Textbook Homework Questions Essay

a.There are several differences between ribonucleic acid and DNA is that are key. DNA has deoxyribose sugar while ribonucleic acid has ribose sugar. Secondly b.RNA is generally single stranded and not double stranded. Lastly RNA contains uracil in place of thymine.c.The three types of RNA are messenger RNA, rapture RNA, and ribosomal RNA. Messenger RNA is the mirror image of the DNA that encodes the amino acid sequence for the protein specified by the gene. The Transfer RNA transfers the amino acids to the ribosomes from coded messages. Ribosomal RNA helps build the proteins on the ribosome.d.The reason that so many RNA molecules are produced more than DNA molecules because you only have two copies of DNA in angiotensin converting enzyme cell. If only two proteins could be produced at a time it would take the cell a much longer time to do the functions that it needs to perform.2.a.During placement segments of DNA serve as templates to produce complementary RNA molecules.b.I think that the mRNA would not code properly for the correct protein so none of the functions could authorize properly. No proteins could be made without the mRNA.3.RNA Georgea.I am unspecialized and am very willing and capable to do any job. I can be employ in the messenger, transfer, and building proteins areas of work. As a messenger I can encode the protein sequence that is given to me from the genes. As a transferist I can transfer the amino acids to the ribosomes. Finally as an rRNA I can assemble proteins. Please consider my application.

Assess Contribution of Ngos to the Community

Introduction This chapter introduces the background of the problem, objective of the study, statement of the problem, question enquires and significant of the study. 1. 0 Background of the Studies According to cosmos bank, nongovernmental organizations be defined as private organizations that pursue activities to relieves suffering, promote the interest of the poor, protect the environment, provides basic brotherly service, or undertake residential district breedings( World Bank criteria defining nongovernmental organization,2007). Historically, Non-Governmental physical composition at inter republical level shed a history dating back to at least 1839.It have been estimated that by 1914 on that point were 1098 nongovernmental organizations. The international Ngos were important in the anti sla genuinely movement and the movement of women suffrage, and reached peak at the sentence of world disarmament conference. Non Governmental Organization only comes into popular usage with the establishment of United Nation Organization in 1994 with the pro fantasys in the expression 71 of chapter 10 of the United Nations chapter for consultative role of organizations which are neither government nor member state. Davis, 2007). The live role of NGOs in sustainable trainment was recognize in the chapter 27 of agenda 21 in the UN conference, In the 20th century during the establishment of globalization the importance of NGOs was recognized, where numerous a(prenominal) problems could not be solved within a nation, Hence NGOs have developed to empha coat Humanitarian issues, development aids and sustainable development (Howell, 2000). According to World Bank, There both purposes of NGO are operational and advocacy .Operational is the primary purpose of NGOs . Primary purpose of NGOs to design the implementation of development related projects, Example Community Based Organization. The primary purpose of Advocacy NGOs is to defend or promote a specific cause . As opposed to operational project management, these organizations typically try to raise awareness, acceptance and knowledge by lobbying press fix and activist event (Wikipedia, 2011).Non Government Organization has been an engine towards astir(p) the alert modular of the volume, since not all the problem could be solved within the nation tracing back the Tanzanian history, since 1961, Tanzania has been at war against three development enemies much(prenominal) as ignorance, poverty and diseases. However in 1996 the overall policy has include special forms of poverty reduction in additions to measures to sustain sound macro economic levels (URT, 2007). The progress of minimizing three enemies is mixed, towards achieving development of the community.Indicators in measuring development are range, others show sign of improvement, and others remain the same while others get worse. Many disparities still exist such as gap between the poor and rich, the link between urban and unc outh, female and male, able and disabled. It is also clear that children, youth, and the elderly and race with disabilities have their own problem especially poverty that all problems are felt at different goal in different parts of the country, Hence Low animation standard is inevitable (chambers, 1983). One of the indicators of the standard of living is health. In 1990, the health situation in Tanzania was mixed.Diseases like tuberculosis among elderly, youth, youth and children increased, The availability of drugs were scarce, many people in rural areas were have to travel to length for the health facilities and get many drugs were very expensive for the poor to afford. For stance 90% of the childrens deaths in topical anaesthetic communities and around urban areas are overdue to preventable causes (National Strategy of Growth and Reduction of privation, 2005). Education is also among the major aspect of living standard of the community. Several tactics, programs, have be en enrolled in the improvement of bringing up situation in Tanzania.Despite the improvement of enrollment in instruction considerably in the last five years in 2004, as the results of primary education development Program(PESP), still many problems and challenges are inevitable, such as shortage of text books desks, chairs, teachers, latrines holes and teachers houses remarkably wanted in primary schools, especially in rural areas. Moreover the edges of poverty torn the education situation in Tanzania. in most student in Rural areas passes primary education besides there were no room to accommodate them. Also, others lack school uniforms and tuition fees due to hardship of the economy that parents are facing. NSGRP, 2005). Living standard of Tanzanian and African at large depends on agriculture as the economy backborn. 45% of Agriculture contributes in the GDP and 60% of the of the export earnings in the year. Still the living standard of many people are low, since they produce for consumption and practice poor landed estate methods that result to low harvest (NSGRP,2005). Non Government Organizations play vital remarkable roles in improving the living standard of people among the local communities in Tanzania. NGOs are involved in a very diverse range of human activities and human influence on the environment.These strata of societies they are involved at, children and youth, conflict re antecedent, education, health and nutrition, human rights and relief services. (Wikipedia, 2011). The effectiveness of Non government Organization in improving the living standard of people has been achieved at some extent. In a case of Moshono, in Arusha, the international organization called World Vision, put in in that society with efforts to eradicate poverty and bring about good living standard among the people in the society The intervention of WV in the Moshono automatic entropy processing has brought positive impact toward the society.Through ADP many project s uch as water projects, education projects, environmental projects and agriculture projects(including livestock arming and beekeeping) are undertaken so as to solve socio-economic problems in Moshono, and hence improve their living standards at large extent. Before intervention World vision as any NGO, watch over the political admistration of the area, population size, poverty, socio-economic available, commitment of the local leaders . World vision use sustainable livelihood approach ( Moshono ADP, 2007). 2. 0 Statement of the problemThe effectiveness of NGOs in improving the living standard of local communities has brought a significance results to confused communities towards poverty backup man. Poverty is the major problem facing the societies that means they are characterized with unfailing lack of the resources, choices, security and power necessary for the enjoyment of the living standard (Maccihato, 2009). The World Bank notes that the incidence of poverty in the world is higher than preceding(a) estimates have suggested that 1. 4 billion people live under poverty line.In Sub Saharan African Growth and Economic performances over the past two decade have been described in recent scholarly writings as tragic (The World Bank Economic review, 2000). There are non-homogeneous ways which allow help to reduce and eradicate poverty improve the living standard of the people such as support provision of social services, example education, water, infrastructure mobilization of people for collective action such as development projects, provision of soft loans to individuals through with(predicate) Non Government Organizations, Particularly in the case of Moshono ADP under World Vision is concerned with the improvement f local community living standard through its various projects such as water supply project, primary school classrooms construction, health care projects, have been established to eradicate poverty in the area and the life of many have been be tter (Moshono ADP, 2010). In this context there are various things which bequeath be examined to measure effectiveness of NGOs in improving the living standard of people.The crucial aspect will be identifying how NGO are supporting local community, where there are various measures done by NGO to contribute towards alleviation of poverty such as reduced illiteracy rate, improved farm fertility, improved supply of strong and clean water, improved health services, increased individual and household income. ( Moshono ADP, 2007). 3. 0 Objectives of Studies 3. 1 General Objective To assess the contribution of NGO in improving the living standard of the local communities. 3. 2 Specific Objectives 1.To identify how NGOs are supporting community welfare. 2. To find out how the assistance provided to the local communities has positively bear on their living condition. 3. Challenges that NGOs face in improving the living standard of the people. 4. 0 investigate Question 1. What support doe s NGO provided Moshono ADP? 2. To what extent does the Moshono ADP contributes in changing the living standard of local communities? 3. What are the problems faced by the NGO in improving the living standard of Moshono people at Moshono ADP? 5. Significance of the Study 1. The study will be resourcefully to the areas of development program as it will provide data and various relevant information and improving social and economic activities for sustainable development and effective intervention. 2. Also, the study will be promoteral to policy makers institution, economic planners and other NGOs with complaint of improving the economic and social status of the local communities because it will act as a self evaluation instrument. CHAPTER 2 6. 0 Literature review IntroductionThis chapter shows contribution of different authors and written documents on the research topic. It emphasizes the views, theories principles and polices given out by individuals organizations, agencies, the go vernment and group on the research topic. 6. 1 Theoretical Review Non Government Organization play a vital role to promote the living standard of the local communities, the major important of the NGOs increases social capital by providing people with opportunities to build trust in each other and capacity to work together towards common goal.NGOs promote pluralism, diversity, and tolerance in society while protecting and strengthening cultural ethics, religious, linguistic and other identities. Moreover, NGOs advances science and thought develop culture and arts develop culture and arts, protect environment and support activities concerning civil societies, NGOs is a facilitator of citizen through it advocacy and operational mission as classified with World Bank (ICE, 2002). NGOs mainly are doing to encourage socio-economic development and the community at large in less(prenominal) developed countries particularly in Tanzania (UN human Development report, 2000).There are various ind icators that an organization may be labeled an NGO if it ha four characteristics determine by the commonwealth foundation, a London based NGO group. These characteristics are the guidelines for the good practices of NGOs. These characteristics includes Voluntary membership, independent and autonomy where NGOs are independent within the laws of society and owned by the members and controlled by board elected from members, Non-for-profit, NGOs are not for private personal gains, but NGOs may involve in income generating activities for pursuing organization mission.Another indicator for the good performance NGOs should not self-serving in aims and related value, The aims of NGOs is to improve the circumstances and prospects of people and to act on concern on issues detrimental to wellbeing and peoples prosperity (Commonwealth Foundation, 1995). NGOs have indirect and direct relationship in the content of poverty. This is because of the purposes of the NGOs and their nature to fight ag ainst poverty. According to the president of the Egypt where he rgue that NGOs have rendered a great efforts in poverty eradication not only in Egypt but also in sub Saharan nations, He further stated There can be hope only for society which act as one big family and not as many separate one ( Sadat 1981). NGOs provides humanitarian aids example food during natural calamities all over the world, protects children and youth, conflict resolution, education, environmental, human rights, relief services (Wikipedia,2010).In the context of poverty an NGO, example World Vision a case of Moshono ADP, this organization has rendered great significant efforts in improving the living standard of Moshono people through the provision of clean and safe water, improve health situation, cars for orphans, Build classrooms and hospitals, this contributes a lot to poverty alleviation. (Moshono ADP). Standard of Living is a level of solid comfort that an individual or group aspires to or may achieve.St andard of living is measured by various indicators, Example life expectance, access to nutrition foods, safe and clean water supply, and availability of medical assistances. (Britannica Concise Encyclopedia, 2000). 6. 2 Empirical Review According to Anup (2001) in his research on poverty facts and stats on international issues22,000 children die each day die to poverty and they die quietly in some of the poorest villages on earth, far removed from the scrutiny and the concise of the world.Being wispy and weak in life make this dying multitudes even more invisible in death. Around 27-28 percent of all children in developing countries are estimated to be underweight or stunned. The two regions that accounts for deficit are South Asia and Sub Saharan African. If the current trends continue the millennium Development Goals (MDGs) target having the proportional of underweight children will be mused by 30 meg children. Largely because or low progress in Southern Asia and Sub-Saharan Af rica.According to Sachs(2005) ,UN project on the research Ending Africans poverty trap, The thirty three Sub- Saharan countries on which this study focuses had a combine population of 617 million in 2001 with the population heightened average annual income of $271 per person or a mere 74 percent a day. Every county in Sub-Saharan is a low income country according to world bank country classification, At least only four countries (Angola, Cameroon, and Congo) with income per capital $500 because their oil exporters and only cote d ivory which is currently vertiginous political nd economic crisis, is a non oil exporter. Sub-Sahara countries have a life expectancy at birth at a lower place 60 years and in all but Ghana. Madagascar and Sudan life expectancy at birth is below 55 years. Child mortality rates (Death forrader the age of five (5) per 1000 live births) are above in every Sub-Saharan countries. According to (Mbelle, 2003) in their research on poverty alleviation (school enro llment performances and access to education in Tanzania) the decision to invest in education is guided by cost benefit consideration.At the Micro level the question whether education contributes to economic growth and how this contribution of physical capital becomes a paramount importance. Demand fof education by individual and household quests to be sustained at high level if access is to improve. This can be achieved through empowering individuals and households economically. Maintaining macro economic stability and per exploitation pro-poor expenditure are keys in reducing the general level of raising the level of demand for education at both individual and household level.The gap is identified on where the NGOs operating in local communities found to face various problems that can possibly hinder their efficiency and effectiveness in supporting local development. It is doubtful, however other studies shows that the NGOs have a lot to contributes in eradicating poverty, in loca l communities. Basing on such theoretical contradiction makes the need to go through findings and analyzing the facts on the extent to which NGOs have been supportive agent to the local are as development and eradicating poverty in the area they operates. CHAPTER THREE 7. enquiry methodology 7. 1 Research Design Is the logic that link the data to be collected (and the conclusion to be drawn) to the initial question of a study. Research design addresses the planning of scientific enquiry that is, designing a strategy for finding out something (Kothari, 2004). The descriptive study will be employed to portray accurate information since the research is concerned with issues related to social development studies. 2. Description of the Study Area. This study will be done in Arusha Region with a case study of Moshono ADP in Arumeru district council.The economic activities in Moshono ADP are mainly farming and livestock. This is the warning for the Non governmental Organizations in assess ing their effectiveness in improving the living standard of the local communities in Tanzania. Therefore, From Moshono ADP enough information can be accumulated which will represent the whole population.. 7. 3 Data Collection The data will be collected by using different instrument/methods. There will be both primary and secondary data collection (document review) primary information shall be collected by using interviews, questionnaires and observations. 1. typeface of Data.Both primary and secondary data will be collected from the field. Where by the primary data will be obtained from respondent directly though questionnaire and interviews as well as observation while Secondary data will be obtained from documents that contains relevant information about the study. 2. Sources of Data. Both primary and secondary data will be used as sources of data in this study. 7. 3. 2. 1 Primary Data These are new data which will be self-possessed to help solving the problem at hand the resear cher will collect primary data from selected respondents from different groups in the entire community.Interviews, questionnaire and observation will be used to obtain primary data at Moshono ADP. 7. 3. 2. 2 Secondary Data These are data that has already existed some where this involves reviewing of literature and documentation, document such as livelihood, gender, poverty, and social services journals and reports for the purpose of findings tangible information about the issues of living standard of local community in Tanzania and suggests possible solution for that problem. 3. Techniques of Data CollectionThe following techniques will be applied in this study 7. 3. 3. 1 Interview, This method will involve the prepared questions that a researcher administers through face to face interrogations with respondents. The researcher shall record all conversation in the interview. 7. 3. 3. 2 Questionnaire This popular method will be employed for data collection. Questionnaire will be open and closed. The researcher should use this tool to the key respondents like Moshono ADP Staffs, Community Leader and Community Member. 7. 3. 3. 3 ObservationThe resercher will use this technique of data collection. The researcher shall directly ask questions to the respondents and make physical observation of the environment. Through observation the researcher will be able to observe some of the causes, effects and measures taken by different stakeholders towards solving this problem in the study areas. 3. Sampling. Sampling is a part of statistical practice concerned with the woof of an unbiased or ergodic subset of individual intended to yield some knowledge about population. ideal type which will be used is descriptive random sampling in order to give an equal chance to every selected sample element. Under this sampling both probability and non-probability method will be used. 1. Sampling Frame/Population Sampling frame is a list which consists of all sample units. Sample fram e consist of a list of items from which sample is drown (Kothari. R, 2003) generally sample frame consist of name of respondents, total number of respondents and the sample size in percentage.Sample frame, therefore the total sample size will be 50 respondents from this units sample size will be (6) Moshono ADP staff, (2) WEOs (4) VEOs, (20) Community members (6) Teachers (6) Health worker (6) P/school student 2. Sample Size The sample will be drawn from 14 wards of Moshono division in which Moshono ADP operate the researcher select three ward willy-nilly namely Moshono, Mlangarini and Bwawani. The sample size will be 50 respondents from different level on the community. The category and numbers of respondents who will be interviewed in this research is shown in the table 1, below. Table 1. Sample Size Distribution NO CATEGORY NUMBEROF RESPONDENTS PARCENTAGES (%) OF RESPONDENTS 1 WEOs 2 4 2 VEOs 4 8 3 Community Members 20 40 4 Teachers 6 12 5 Health worker 6 12 6 ADP st aff 6 12 6 P/School students 6 12 TOTAL 50 100 Source Researchers own manipulation 7. 4. 3 Sampling TechniquesIn order to collect and acquire enough data and information from different respondents the researcher will use various techniques to capture enough information from the respondents. The researcher will use a purposive technique of sampling though random sampling technique. 5. Data Analysis Techniques The researcher will use the different techniques to analysis and manage the data such as quantitative and qualitative analysis techniques . Also the data will be presented by using of matrices, percentages, and flow diagrams. Reference Anidah Maccahato (2001) Book in Research Relevance Poverty. )University of Mandanao. Chamber (1983) Rural Development Putting the last first, Longman Inc. New york Chronic Poverty physical composition (2005) http//www. chronicpoverty. rg/page/vulnerability-cprc-s-work Commonwealth foundation (1995), Non Governmental Organization, Guidelines f or Good policy and practice www. peacecorpsvolonteers. org. com Community Development Journal an Inter. Form VOL. 31 (2002) www. undp. org Davies, Thomas Richard (2007). The Possibilities of Transnational Activism the crowd for Disarmament between the Two World Wars. ISBN978 9004162 58 7, Http//enwikipedia. org/wiki/non-governmentorgarnization. au Jude, Howell and Jenny Peace (2000) new roles and relevance Develop NGOs and the challenges. Kumarian Press Kothari C. R (2004), Research Methodology, Methods and techniques 2nd edition, New Age International publication. Moshono ADP, Annual Reports, 2006.NSRGP, (July, 2005)Growing out of poverty By Haki Kazi and Catalyst, Tanzania. Nepal National Development Report on poverty alleviation (2004) www. nepal. gvt. nd Research on poverty Alleviation. Amon Mbelle and Jovieter Katoboro (2003) www. repoa. or. tz Shah Anup(2001) Poverty Facts and Study on Global Issues. UN, Human Development Report (2000) www. undp. org UN Project Research on En ding African Poverty Trap. Jeffrey . D. Sachs (2005) URT 2002, Tanzania Census Report World Bank Economic Review (2000). Volume 14, Number 3. World Bank Report on Poverty (1997) www. wb. org World vision (2004), Evaluation report of Moshono ADP www. world vision. org

Abuse and Proper Discipline

I take aim experienced many things in my life. entirely of my life experiences have affected me in different ways. Some experiences were good and some were not. The physical pace I experienced by my capture was the most impact experience. A parent is supposed to take in a safe, stable, and loving home. Instead my catch created a home of fear, instability, and inconsistency. This affected my behavior in school, and how I react to things later in life. I was born in Florida.At the age of two my father move me and my three brothers to New York. At this time my mother was not in the picture for unknown reasons. My father was avid alcoholic, and drank a covey. During his drunken rages he would sophisticate me and my three brothers. My father moved us virtually a lot, and we never really stayed In one place for very long. I was never instead sure why this was, moreover I would guess that maybe someone or somebody became odd of what was taking place In our home. This resulted I n us taking off before anyone could find step forward for sure.My father started beating us dapple he was drunk, but then eventually started abusing us while he was sober. It became a regular thing for us and almost expected. He would start to hit us based on his moods. If he had a bad day at work, or had a shake up with one of his girlfriends. He would choke us, punch us, throw us, and has even gone as far as burn my brothers arm on the stove. There were times that we did not eat for days. It was not because we did not have any food, but because he treasured to punish us. He also kicked us out of the house, and do us sleep outside. Even In the winter.I was terrified of my father. Instead of Henning 2 growing up liveliness love and trust. I grew up feeling fear and pain. I would often watch sitcoms on TV, and regard that I could just jump into the screen. Daydreaming of a better life was something I did often. I wanted to leave, but this was all I knew. This was my life and n othing was going to change it. My father did not moreover abuse me when I did wrong, but instead he would abuse me when he was in a foetid mood. The abuse was inconsistent, and because of this my behavior was impacted. In school I would lash out at teachers, and was defiant.My father was not concerned with proper discipline or punishment. I was more of a punching bag for his anger. Therefore I did not understand how to act or behave properly. I was uncontrollable in school. I would tolerate on desks, and crawl underneath tables In the lunch room. I even threw chairs at the teacher when I did not want to do something she asked. I was violent with my classmates, and disruptive. The bus ride to school was also a problem. I would Jeopardize the safety of the other shaverren by jumping over the seats, and disrupting the bus driver.It got would get earn and phone calls from the school, he did not seem to care. My father was more worried nigh what was going on in his world to care wh at was happening at my school. After a while the school inflexible I needed to be enrolled in a special school that was more equipped to grapple my behavior issues. No one in the school system even thought twice about the discipline at home. If they had investigated our home they would have found out my father never disciplined us, but abused us instead.To this day I feel that proper discipline is needed for a child to grow up and become successful in life. The abuse started to get worse as we got ripened. He became a lot more aggressive. He even ended up sending me to the hospital for bashing my proposition on the bathroom floor. The reason for the more intense abuse was because of the increase in size of my older brother. My brother was getting older, and was able to fight back. Unfortunately my dad was still Henning 3 a lot bigger than my brother. My dad would often punch holes in the walls when he was mad.One day I was picking at one of the holes in the wall that my father p unched in. He walked by and saw me doing this. Out of nowhere he punched me right in the eye, and I went to school the next day with a black eye. This started causing a scene with my teachers and nurses. I went to school plenty of times with black eyes, and bruises. I could not understand why this one was any different. The ruse must have gotten sick and tired of seeing it, and finally acted. This caused an investigation, and at the age of eight years old I was removed from the hell that I called home.When I was beingness removed from my home I remember seeing my neighbor with an unsurprised look on her face. This make me wonder if she had suspect the abuse all along. It also made me wonder how many others knew or suspected what was taken place in my home. After being removed from the house I called home. I was position with a foster family. The first few months were great. I was not scared and looking over my articulatio humeri anymore. I was happy and felt love for the first tim e. My foster mom made pancakes and sausages for breakfast in the mornings.I have never had anyone make breakfast for me before, and it was like heaven. I had warm bed to sleep in, and I even had a TV in my room. It might have seemed that my story was over. all the same the effects of the abuse were still there, and my behaviors still caused many problems. Throughout my life I had to go through therapy to undo the injury my father caused. I had to relearn how to act and behave properly. Today I am a elegant optimistic person, and I do not like to use my past as a crutch. thus far I will not deny hat there are some lasting effects that the abuse still holds.Therapy was very successful for me. It help me deal with what happened, and encouraged me to move on with my life. However therapy cannot remove the memories and the experience. I will forever remember the abuse I endured. Henning 4 The abuse from my father affected me in many ways. I had to struggle, and was not able to have a normal childhood. I grew up in a home full of fear, and lacked the to relearn how to behave properly. I do not regret what happened in the past, for my past is part of who I am. What I have been through and what I endured has merely made me stronger.

Business Report of Lenovo Essay

IntroductionLenovo was work out up in 1984 in Beijing and it is the worlds second-largest PC vendor. According to the last official statistic, Lenovo consolidate turnover of 146.6 billion Yuan and Lenovo employs nearly 40,000 population. Lenovo is a well-known national brand in china and Lenovo is serving customers in more than 160 countries. In order to expand overseas business and gravel to world-class brand, Lenovo carried out an erudition of the former IBM Personal Computing Division in 2005. IBM was founded in 1911 in the United States and it is the largest information technology and business solutions companionship in the world, currently has more than 30 cardinal employees in the world, with operations in over 160 countries and regions.The businesss experienced by Lenovo concerns the construction of cross- ethnic sort outs. approximately of the merger and skill fail in the post-merger cultural integration. Lenovo set up take shape squads for envisioning the f uture tense of IBM and developing the new view after acquisition. The results had been shown it uneasy and batch lead to the failure of the Lenovos acquisition strategy. At the beginning of the acquisition, cultural differences had not been enough anticipated in the acquisition swear out. And Lenovo wants to remedy the problem as soon as possible to make IBM acquisition profitable in the next strategy.The account part of the business planSummaryThis report is intended to identify, describe and propose rough(prenominal)(prenominal) solutions to Lenovo to cipher the problems nearly teams and bases in the acquisition of the IBM. This report go forth describe problems associated with team grammatical construction, provides some possible solutions and evaluates severally of these. And, this report depart describe the impact of cultural differences on the establishment of work collections. Actually, Lenovo had taken some measures, save it with little success. According to t he current state of Lenovo, this report astonish out give some suggestions and solutions to overtake or avoid the conflict caused by cultural differences and set up resultant roleive cross-cultural teams. Especially, these solutions be based on literature on the issue. It concludes that it is necessary for the company to establish effective and appropriate measures to fall the barriers in cross-cultural teams, as absence of this may threaten the companys long-term development.To pass over the problem, Lenovo should take the follow action for IBM survival * Obtain the core ensure between Chinese employees and Ameri nooky employees through an internal survey. * Design an international training program for all the employees and specially for managers. * In merged both corporate nuances of Lenovo and IBM to pee a new corporate culture. * E truly cross-culture team should organise monthly concussion or weekly meeting to evaluate the progress of communications and work. * Org anise some internally non-working activities to create more opportunities for the communication among employees with distinct cultural context. * Set up the special teams to deal with the problem caused by cultural difference in every cross-cultural team.IntroductionThis section of business plan volition introduce the problems caused by cultural differences in cross-cultural teams and give some suggestions to overcome the problems. In the acquisition of IBM, Lenovo accepted more than 10,000 employees and it also means that Lenovo accepted a very different culture. Lenovo is not single facing the differences between western and eastern culture, but also Lenovo facing the problems of how to integrate the teams with different administrationally cultural context. In this report, the recommendations to overcome the problems in cross-cultural teams and themes be based on the literature on team building and cross-cultural team instruction.BodyAt the beginning of the acquisition of IBM, Lenovo had taken some measures. For example, in order to both sides roll in the hay communicate better, the new Lenovo use the international ballpark wording slope as the official language of the company. But cultural integration is a long-term process, which requires companies to devote their clipping and patience and the communication, compromise between both of high level, and staff in the acquisition. It must not be too hasty. Base on the fact of Lenovo, in that respect are three aspects should be noticed and improved. Firstly, IBM has a long history and IBM has very high brand awareness. In addition to the brand, employees bear get the respect for individualal values and a comfortable working environment can be provided for employees by the human beings resources services and the improvement of the system. In contrast, Lenovo has a big gap no progeny the position in IT industry and the strength of themselves.If some team members uphold the cultural superiority or group superiority that their own cultural value system better than those members from otherwisewise cultures or groups, their behavior maybe resulting in the failure of team building because they will be possible to take hate and boycott from other members, stock-still lead to conflict. Because the conflicts caused by cultural differences between team members and individual differences under thus influence, abbreviation and identification of cultural differences is necessary. Secondly, communication is the process of exchange and transmission of information among people or groups. Because of the multi-cultural background, language and non-language barrier, people lack of understanding of each others political, economic, legal, social and cultural environment, and the understanding of the customs, values, etcetera are different.They are often based on their own perspective to make an analysis and sentiment on each others information, and thus the misunderstanding and confli ct are often obtained. Because of these, design a multi-cultural training and hold a monthly meeting or weekly meeting is necessary. Thirdly, a company has an acquisition of another company means an integration of two different corporate cultures. When the employees of a cross-cultural group are conscious of the different of personal cultural awareness with others, it will be cause the group lost their purpose. Based on the possibility, establish a common business innovation and corporate culture is a strong solution to this problem.Establish a new joint management concept and a strong culture based on the environmental requirements and the principle of the companys strategic development, so that reducing cultural conflict and that each employees thinking and behavior can combine with the companys operations and purpose. Adopting these recommendations and the actions in summary can make internal and foreign combination of the teams more closely, establish a good reputation in the international market and promote multinational cultural adaptability. This is the ultimate goal of why Lenovo inescapably reckon the cross-cultural issues of teams and group in the acquisition of IBM. (1077 words)Section 21. What the literature says teams and groupsThe importance of teams and groups for an organisationIn modern society, one persons power, information and resources are limited. Most time people need cooperate with others no matter working or others as skilled (1993) said On average, managers spend 50% of their working solar day in one sort of group or other. Senior managers can spend 80%. Although there is no clear and single comment of a teams and groups, there is a basic limited definition by Bennett (1991) a collection of two or more people who possess a common purpose. The formation of an organisation groups in order to achieve the purpose of work more efficiently. An organisation can produce some different kinds of groups, for example formal and informal, LOCO, HICO, teams, etc. An organisation needs to be aware of their differences and use them as efficiently as possible. There are a lot solid causas why an organisation should create work groups.For example, organising effective groups can have some uses for the distribution of work, the management and control of work, problem-solving and decision-making, information processing, information and idea collection, testing and ratifying decisions, co-ordination and liaison, increased commitment and involvement, negotiation and conflict resolution, inquest or inquiry into the past. (Handy, 1993) No matter what kind of a group there is a bottom sop up is A strong group is usually more powerful than a strong individual and can have a considerable effect on organizational policy and practice.(Thomson, 2002) This literature review will pay attention on teams mainly. In a team, everyone plays different role and they have specific track down and they working with an important principle v oluntarily co-ordinate their work in order to achieve group objectives(Bennett, 1991).Building a teamPeople hope they can define their identity through their social status of certain groups like people belong to local political and pressure groups, for example, because they experience a shared out set of values with the other people in the group which reinforces their own values. But, according to Thomson (1997), one reason why people belong to group is social needs. As Thomson & Mabey said some groups will be family or friendship groups, which are formed to meet a diverse range of needs such as affection, security, support, belonging or identity. Some may be committees, where members usually represent different interest groups who come together to discuss their differing perspectives on matters of interest, people should build a team for the work that is highly complex problems, need for consensus decisions and there is uncertainty when a broad range of competences are required. A company is a big group of a lot of people working together, so the managers are responsible to build effective teams or workgroups. After collecting more individual talents, building a team has the ability to use the talents on a united effort and success is very important (Woodcock, 1979). Consequently, the managers should know how to effectively build a team. In general, the managers must have the noesis about the five development stages (forming, storming, norming, performing and mourning) in a team or workgroup and they should have an appropriate steer system for themselves (Thomson & Mabey, 1994). Of course, this is not enough for managing a team. The managers need realise everyones advantages and dis advantages in the team and especially the differences of their culture context.Teams and cross-cultural contextIn modern society, business environment developed quickly international. dissimilar cultural members mixed in a team so that the team has powerful ability to solve complex problem. But, individuals from different cultural context must show a different behavior and values in the team. This is because the peoples cognition, thinking, needs, values, code of conduct, customs, etc. are formed in the years of life, work and education. The individual differences caused by cultural differences led to the conflict of the team in the cross-cultural context (Sun, 2012).So, how to make a cross-cultural team working effective is the main responsibility of managers. In a cross-cultural team, there is an important factor is a clear understanding of every one culture and values, and a process of acculturation. The acculturation process is a mutual exchange of cultural pattern (Olie, 1995). Related to the fact of Lenovo, the best recommendation for acculturation is integration. It different with one culture dominate the others, integration is a process of acculturation (Nahavandi & Malekzadeh, 1995).Interest for LenovoIn the case of Lenovo, Chinese and Americ an must accept each other for working effectively. But the main problem in the cross-cultural groups is communication. The managers of Lenovo must make everyone in the group understands and adapt to the different culture with some training or actions. And more important is design a politic cooperatively cultural pattern.2. What does the literature say about different cultural contexts and its influence on teams and groupsWhat are culture and its importanceAccording to Hofstede(2003), culture is the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one group or category of people from another. It related to a group. With a large-scale research watch of IBM branches around the world by Geert Hofstede, the culture is considered a compositive project. Geert Hofstede creates a new way to describe culture through five variables power distance, individualism, masculinity/femininity, uncertainty avoidance and long-term orientation.All theories have limitations. Although this method created by Geert Hofstede is not absolutely right, it does not affect the theory of Hofstede can analyse one lands culture as a valuable tool. Contract with the case of Lenovo, the about important effect by culture is Currently only 25% of international mergers and acquisitions in Europe are successful. The charge of failure is high. Cultural misunderstanding lead to loss of face, loss of money and, in extreme case, even loss of life (Gibson cited in Naysmith, 2006). If managers do not pay enough attention on the culture, it perchance can cause the failure of the acquisition of IBM.Organisational cultureCulture is not only exists in the countries, but also culture exists in any organisation constituted by people. Based on Handy (1993) said, The role organisation will succeed as long as it can operate in a stable environment. A steady cultural environment is necessary for an organization get success. At the same time, organisational culture is manageable and it can a ffects the approach of management, the accepted goals and customer of the society determine and influence that what managers strive for and the rule observed by managers (Stewart cited in Naysmith, 2006). So, the organisation also based on the cultural context of the country. The organisational culture can also measured by the five variables created by Hofstede.(Geert Hofstede, 2001) specify of culture on teams and groupsIf a company formed by people comes from different cultural country, this company will own a special energy. It is a emulous advantage from a cross-cultural context. But, exerting the competitive advantage effectively is the most important challenge for the cross-cultural group. Because in a cross-cultural group the members have different working purpose and processes will be revealed. (Maznevski & Peterson, 1997) The effectiveness of work group will be decreased by the ethnocentrism, stereotypes, different expectations and difference in values. And these negative emotions will produce the disturbance and misunderstanding in-group, even diminishing the workers dedication to the company and destroying the group ardor.Interenst for LenovoCross-border mergers and acquisitions not only include the corporate cultural differences of both sides, but also include the cultural differences between the countries of the two sides. Organise some activities or cultural training to make more opportunities for every understanding different culture can eliminate the negative affects effectively.3. ConclusionThis literature review introduces some keys briefly for understanding teams and groups in a cross-cultural context. Firstly, teams and groups are particular important for an organisation. But there are some problems should be lick in a cross-cultural group. The managers is not only should know everyones skill and talent, but also they should know their difference caused by different cultural context. And some actions can make a good communication between each other for understanding the differences are necessary. Secondly, based on enough knowledge to understand the importance of culture, the managers should eliminate the negative affects of cross-cultural context through some activities or training. And the most important is creating an appropriate organisational culture. It can give the cross-cultural group an approach, so the cross-cultural group can exerts the competitive advantages completely.BibliographyBennett, R., (1991), Organisational Behavior, London M&E/Pitman, pp.145, 154.Geert Hofstede, (2001), Cultures Consequences Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions, and Organizations Across Nations, Second Edition, cat valium Oaks CA Sage PublicationsGeert Hofstede, (2003), Cultures and Organisations, Intercultural Cooperation and Its Importance for Survival, Soft ware of the Mind, London Profile Books Ltd.Handy, C, (1993), Understanding Organisations (4th ed.), London Penguin, pp.150-2.Maznevski, M. & Peterson, M.F., (1997) , societal Values, Social Interpretation, and Multinational Teams. In C. 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