Character Analysis of Shylock from The Merchant of Venice

William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice is a classic play that has also brought about some issues revolving around the antagonist of the story Shylock. The purpose of this essay is to discuss the character of Shylock in the play and also introduce the uses of that name throughout history down to the present day. Shylock in Shakespeares work is a money lending Jew who pursues money with strong vigor and attachment. Shylock is also portrayed as literally bloodthirsty as he demands punishment of mutilation as retribution for delinquency. Shylock is not portrayed very well in this story as he is duped in the end and eventually his owed debt is erased by the court as he exits in shame and defeat. Understanding the character of Shylock requires some knowledge about the history of money lending and the term usury. Usury is the practice of charging interest when lending money. This practice was usually despised throughout history beginning with Jesus throwing his fit in the temple in protest of this practice. The morality of practicing usury is certainly debatable, but what is not in dispute, is the tendency for people of Jewish heritage to become involved in this practice. Shakespeares Shylock was indeed based on truth, Jews have a history of dominating the banking and financial sectors of society. This trend certainly continues today. Many Jewish individuals are at the top of the ladder in the leading financial firms of today. Companies such as Goldman Sachs, JPShow MoreRelatedThe Merchant of Venice939 Words   |  4 PagesContrast of Shylock and Claudius Introduction This essay looks into the lives of Shylock and Antonio. These are two of Shakespearean antagonists of all time. They are alike in more ways than one. Shylock in Merchant of Venice is a Jewish moneylender based in Venice. He has been tormented and repressed mainly by the Christian population. One finds it easy to sympathize with him mainly because he has his own reasons to be loathing, greedy, and miserly. This ends up making the entire ‘Merchant of Venice’Read MoreRacism And Prejudice By William Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice Essay1699 Words   |  7 Pagesreligion and what they believe in, however there is racism and prejudice present in the world. William Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice is one of his most controversial plays. Written in the 16th century England, the play poses many questions concerning racial, religious and human differences due to anti-semitism being very common at the time. The story is set in Venice where a merchant named Antonio lived. His poor friend Bassanio wants to charm and marry a lovely, rich girl of Belmont called PortiaRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice2059 Words   |  9 Pagesin The Merchant of Venice resembles a folktale known as â€Å"A Pound of Flesh† (325). Artese supports his supposition with background context and parallels between the two story lines. Literary versions of the pound of flesh story circulated during the sixteenth century and were collected since the nineteenth century because of the plot’s longevity and populairity Shakespeare would have been familiar with pound of flesh stories (326). Human commodification is a central issue in both The Merchant of VeniceRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice989 Words   |  4 PagesThe Play Analysis of The Merchant of Venice The Merchant of Venice is one of Shakespeare Comedy’s published in the First Folio. (McDonald 212) This analysis will review the written work of the play and the production from the Sweet Tea Shakespeare Theater Group. An overview on a few on the main stories within the play: the animosity in the relationship between Antonio the merchant and Shylock the Jewish moneylender, the courtship of Bassanio and Portia, and the secret eloping of Jessica and LorenzoRead MoreMerchant of Venice - Plot Structure1714 Words   |  7 Pagesof ‘The Merchant of Venice is apparently fanciful but in reality exactingly structured./b/center br brThe Merchant of Venice is a fairy tale. There is no more reality in Shylocks bond and the Lord of Belmonts will than in Jack and the Beanstalk. brH. Granville-Barker, in Prefaces to Shakespeare. br brThis is one way of looking at the play, reading it or enjoying the performance. But it can be a contradiction to our actual feelings about this complex play. ‘The Merchant of VeniceRead More Shakespeares Presentation of Shylock in The Merchant of Venice831 Words   |  4 PagesShakespeares Presentation of Shylock in The Merchant of Venice This essay is an analysis of how the character of Shylock, in the play The Merchant of Venice, is presented to the audience, by Shakespeare, in different ways. The riveting play shows the best and worst aspects of human nature and contains one of Shakespeares most reviled, complex and compelling characters. Love and romance end this play, yet before that come bigotry, racism, hatred, death threats andRead MoreMerchant Of Venice Essay Outline956 Words   |  4 Pages The Merchant of Venice Essay Outline Introduction: Hook: The theme is the main subject or message of a story. It is used to give depth and enhance the plot. The themes of The Merchant of Venice are used throughout the story of the play to make the plot move along and to encourage the characters into action. Bridge: When you read The Merchant of Venice by William Shakespeare there are many themes throughout the play and many lessons to be learned. Main Ideas: The most important themes are hatredRead MoreIs Shylock The Villain Or Victim In The Merchant Of Venice By William Shakespeare1411 Words   |  6 PagesCharacter Analysis Shylock Is Shylock the villain or the victim in the Merchant of Venice? In the play the ‘Merchant of Venice’ by William Shakespeare the antagonist Shylock is both the victim and the villain. Shylock is a Jewish moneylender and is initially portrayed as anger filled and bloodthirsty but as the play continues we begin to see him as more human and his emotions become more evident. As the antagonist, Shylock is a fearful adversary to Antonio, the protagonist. But as good begins toRead MoreAnalysis of The Merchant of Venice Essay513 Words   |  3 PagesAnalysis of The Merchant of Venice William Shakespeares play The Merchant of Venice is based on a simple enough plot, but it gives a more complex view of the characters involved. It portrays each characters attitude, opinions and actions and shows how they affect the other characters. ====================================================================== Shylock is perhaps the most noteworthy character. He is centred on most of the plays events. Throughout theRead MoreLiterary Criticism Of William Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice 850 Words   |  4 Pagesanalyze all other disciplines associated with the play in question. Some have also criticized Shakespeare as being a master of only one single genre of drama as in relation to other plays. Feminist criticism Feminist approach applied to the Merchant of Venice is relatively a new area of study. The fundamental idea is that the western world is entirely patriarchal (created, ruled, and viewed through the eyes of men) (Janik 170). During the 1960s, the movement began to form a new approach of criticizing

Edgar Allan Poe - A Complicated and Disturbing Author Essay

Poe is a very complicated author. His literary works are perplexed, disturbing, and even grotesque. His frequent illnesses may have provoked his engrossment in such things. In 1842 Dr. John W. Francis diagnosed Poe with sympathetic heart trouble as well as brain congestion. He also noted Poes inability to withstand stimulants such as drugs and alcohol (Phillips 1508). These factors may have motivated him to write The Tell-Tale-Heart, The Cask of Amontillado, and The Black Cat. All of these stories are written in or around 1843, shortly after Poe became afflicted. His writing helped him to cope with his troubles and explore new territory in literature. Poes interest in the supernatural, retribution, and perverse cause them to be included†¦show more content†¦This can be related to the ever-looming question of why people become afflicted with disease. Is it punishment for wrongdoing? Some religions find this to be the answer. Poes intrigue in reincarnation may have been in tha t of his own immortality. Metaphysical events take place in The Tell-Tale-Heart. The perpetrator is driven by some unknown source to reveal his evil deed. The paranoia he feels is very real to him. I fancied a ringing in my ears†¦[it] became more distinct†¦I found that the noise was not within my ears†¦It is the beating of the hideous heart [of the old man] (Poe 3). Ringing is heard only in the mans head, but because a impetus has compelled him to believe otherwise he is inclined to reveal his misdeed. The source of the mans voices is from a force within himself. Ones soul is an unexplainable power, which governs over the body. The murder of the old man is committed in passion. Disregarding any rational thoughts the narrator is engaged in his own desires. His unconcern for mankind causes his own insanity. Even he can not live with his actions. The mind as a supernatural force, that dictates life, can only cope with so much. Poe himself experiences hallucinations from his illness, and abuse of alcohol. Years of defilement caused his body, and mind to break down. At one point in time Poe raved †¦for protection from an imaginary army of conspirators disguised as loungersShow MoreRelatedA Life Of Misery Becomes Misery As Literature1859 Words   |  8 PagesLiterature: The Influence of Edgar Allan Poe Stefan de la Cotera Ms. Lee; Cubby E12 AP American Lit. Lang. Period 8 April 2015 A Life of Misery becomes Misery as Literature: The Influence of Edgar Allan Poe Dark, haunting, and eerie novels don’t sound like the staple for a famous American Novelist, but Edgar Allan Poe helped change American literature as it is by centering his novels, short stories, and poems around these points. Edgar Allan Poe was an American author, poet, editor, and literaryRead MoreAnalysis of A Dream Within a Dream by Edgar Allen Poe Essay850 Words   |  4 Pages ‘A Dream Within A Dream’ was written by Edgar Allan Poe on 1849, the year that he was found dead because of substance abuse. Considering that the author had gone through many hard times throughout his life with the loss of his beloved ones, this poem might refer to the emotional pain he suffered that let him to question the reality of life. The poem is written in despair as the tone is a mixture of mystery, loneliness and despair. The poem deals with the speaker’s troubling idea that reality isRead MoreAnalysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s The Raven Essay3338 Words   |  14 Page sIntroduction Edgar Allan Poe was an American author, poet, editor, and literary critic, also considered the part of the American Romantic Movement. He is best known for his short tales of mystery and macabre. Poe was one of the earliest American practitioners of the short story, and is generally considered as the inventor of the detective fiction genre. He was the first well known American writer who was known for trying to earn his living by writing, resulting in a financially difficult life andRead More Biography of Edgar Allan Poe Essay11890 Words   |  48 PagesBiography of Edgar Allan Poe Edgar Allan Poe was born at 33 Hollis Street, Boston, Mass., on January 19, 1809, the son of poverty stricken actors, David, and Elizabeth (born Arnold) Poe. His parents were then filling an engagement in a Boston theatre, and the appearances of both, together with their sojourns in various places during their wandering careers, are to be plainly traced in the play bills of the time. Paternal Ancestry The father ofRead More Allegory, Symbolism, and Madness – Comparing the Demons of Edgar Allan Poe and Nathaniel Hawthorne3842 Words   |  16 PagesMadness – Comparing the Demons of Edgar Allan Poe and Nathaniel Hawthorne As contemporaries of each other, Edgar Allan Poe and Nathaniel Hawthorne endeavored to write about man’s dark side, the supernatural influence, and moral truths. Each writer saw man as the center-point in his stories; Poe sees man’s internal struggle as madness, while Hawthorne sees man as having a â€Å"secret sin.† Each had their reasons for writing in the Gothic format. Poe was not a religious man; he was wellRead MoreImpact of Science on Society38427 Words   |  154 Pagesinvention to that of expected future scientific advances. The papers are edited transcripts of these speeches. Since the talks were generally given extemporaneously, the papers are necessarily informal and may, therefore, differ in style from the authors’ more formal works. As the included audience questions illustrate, the topic raises far-reaching issues and concerns serious aspects of our lives and future. Donald P. Hearth Former Director NASA Langley Research Cente r 111 ... Contents ForewordRead MoreImpact of Science on Society38421 Words   |  154 Pagesinvention to that of expected future scientific advances. The papers are edited transcripts of these speeches. Since the talks were generally given extemporaneously, the papers are necessarily informal and may, therefore, differ in style from the authors’ more formal works. As the included audience questions illustrate, the topic raises far-reaching issues and concerns serious aspects of our lives and future. Donald P. Hearth Former Director NASA Langley Research Center 111 ... Contents

3D Printing Mars Mission

Question: Discuss about the3D Printingfor Mars Mission. Answer: 3D printing has rapidly evolved the aviation, safety and automotive industries and has created a revolution on cost, time and result of production to a maximum level. I am going to present you examples that will highlight the potential of 3D printing and define its market demand. As your esteemed organization uses the 3D printing for developing delicate engineering structure and complex geometric modules for mechanical and automotive industry, I would like to provide you few cases that outline the market opportunity of 3D printing. NASA uses CATIA to develop the structural components of the vehicle prototype that is targeted to go for a Mars mission. The vehicle prototype is the size of a Hummer containing a pressurized chamber. I am not asking you to build a rocket ship category vehicle but if your esteemed organization develops 3D printing technology to produce bicycle frames it would be a great success as it will reduce manpower and increased rate of production and you can target the bicycle manufacturing firms. Advanced Contrast Imaging System Technology is another manufacturing organization of injections that are used for studying human body. Their new product EmpowerCTA injection system contains around 35 3D printed modules. Thus if your organization manufactures similar complex components for other medical units, it might create a sustainable market. Rietveld Architects LLP., another renowned organization creates 3D printing models to brief their customers regarding their products. It is an excellent opportunity as engineering civil drawings can be easily drafted using AutoCAD, analyzed using STAAD.pro and finally converted to CATIA and printed easily. Thus, the organization can make profit by selling those architectural miniature-building prototypes to contractors and construction firms. Robert Seuffer GmbH and Co. KG, a producer of electronic components uses 3D printing for producing switches, appliances, vehicles and automobiles parts. Thus, I suggest to tap into the potential market and create a simplified software so that instead of CATIA, common people are able to create their design and use it when required such as fix a broken dishwasher or wheels when required. I also recommend using 3D printing to repair damaged tissues due to injury and accidents in which the delicate tissues are ruptured and can only be replaced by fiber material of the 3D printer. I also recommend using 3D printing for replacing broken tissues as the dimensions are easy to adjust and can be accurately detailed using computer software. Bone scaffolds when printed using 3D printing will also allow replicating models of ears, nose, lips or any other body parts that can be used as precise cosmetic surgery replacement using coated cells that are fully functional; to multiply and grow. Thus, the bottom line is if your esteemed organization uses the 3D printing technology into medical, engineering, automotive and healthcare sectors, you can tap into a sustainable and potential market of extreme profit. I also recommend using special encrypted software and a different materials rather than the waterproof material used by 3D printer so that the technology is not replicated. Moreover, it should also be kept in mind so that common people are not allowed to use the software for commercial purpose.

What are the most important components of an effective high performance work system

Introduction Organizational performance remains a major concern among managers and business owners around the world. As a result, there is a continuous change in the manner in which certain things are done by the management to maintain good and competitive performance. Nevertheless, it is argued that the creation of a high performance work system is undoubtedly a significant approach in augmenting organizational change.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on What are the most important components of an effective high performance work system? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Although various strategies have been adopted by different organizations around the world, it is double noting that there are effective components of high performance work system shared across companies and organizations. This research essay explores these effective components which have been applauded by scholars and business experts in defining org anization performance. To achieve this objective, a wide range of sources have been consulted including but not limited to authentic books, journals and online articles to have a wide spectrum of arguments. For better comprehension of the concept, the analysis draws some ideas and conclusions from the human resource management of Vodafone. High Performance Work System What is high performance work system? Many researchers agree that the concept of high performance work system can be viewed from a wider perspective, allowing several definitions. However, all these definitions narrow down to the involvement of employees in management and day-to-day running of the business. High performance work system can therefore be defined as a set of management approaches within an organization which give employees higher responsibilities and involvement. According to Armstrong (2011, p. 155), high performance work system usually sets out the intentions of a company on the best ways to achieving a competitive advantage through the improvement of individuals’ performance within the organization. Such a system further spells out the exact process of ensuring that the aspirations defined by the organizations are attained. Of importance however is the fact that all these efforts are geared towards augmenting employee knowledge, flexibility, commitment and skills. This understanding is important in selection of effective components which would result into the creation of an environment which promotes employee participation and good performance (Armstrong, 2008, p. 116). As discussed below, a high performance work system comprises of:Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Participation of employees in decision making Training Employee motivation and incentives Technological advancements Respect Creation of a goal-oriented environment among others Employee Participation Employees play a major role in the overall performance of any organization in the world. As a result, many companies like Vodafone which have gained pinnacle global recognition put more emphasis on excellent human resource management. Moreover, the ability of a company to involve its employees in decision making is considered a major ingredient for not only good performance but also in promoting a high performance work system (Armstrong, 2008, p. 117). According to researchers, employees who get involved in decision making by the management get motivated and develop a positive attitude towards work and remain focused on achieving set goals and objectives. It is also a source of empowerment to workers as they end up feeling part of the management (Armstrong, 2008, p. 117). Although managers understand the need for employee involvement in organization management, implementation of this component remains a major task. The manner in which employees are involved in the process significan tly determines its impact on the entire organization. As a way of ensuring that employees remain part of organizational management, their involvement in parallel suggestion is highly considered. This involvement allows managers to incorporate the views of the entire workforce in making final decisions and strategies for better performance (Armstrong, 2011, p. 157). Additionally, allowing employees to participate in job-related processes motivates them, thus closing the leadership gap which may exist between the management and the workforce. Training For employees to perform their duties effectively, relevant knowledge and skills cannot be overlooked. Although this may seem obvious since companies assume that employees get hired when they are already competent, customized training is quite significant. Besides promoting effective performance of duties within an organization, training further imparts employees with technical skills which could give them a chance to take up other highe r responsibilities within the organization. Consequently, employees get inspired to aim for higher leadership roles by being in possession of required skills and expertise (Armstrong, 2011, p. 157). Through these training programs, employees are able to have a wider range of skills which are necessary for not only performing a single task but also to engage in other duties aimed at promoting good performance. This understanding of organizational roles allows employees to deliver within the shortest time thus saving on resources like time. Lastly, training reduces the risk of employees from being involved in accidents emanating from lack of technical knowhow and skills. This is common in production firms where machines and chemical processes make the basis of production.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on What are the most important components of an effective high performance work system? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn M ore Rewards and Incentives Another approach through which organizations promote high performance work system is through recognition of employee achievements and efforts. With existing variation in the productivity of employees, it is equally important for managers to identify individual and group efforts demonstrated by employees within the government. By monitoring regular performance results, it would be easy but extremely useful to appreciate outstanding performance among employees without partiality. There is always need for organizations to associate its remuneration with performance in order to motivate their employers to focus on the realization of both organizations and individual benefits (Dubrin, 2011, p. 254). Notably, there are countless incentives which could be considered as a way of creating a high performance work system depending on the nature of the organization. They may include stock options, sharing of company profits; pay hikes, bonuses in cases where perform ance targets have been achieved and money. It has been observed that a number of organizations like Vodafone employ such approaches in motivating their employees. Equivalently, non-monetary options have been considered by other organizations as a way of promoting high performance work systems. These options include special employee benefits, time offs and flexible time (Dubrin, 2011, p. 255). It is clear that these efforts augment environmental flexibility for employees who may find time to attend to other personal issues when they are away from work. This increases motivation among workers through self satisfaction and by feeling a sense of concern from managers. Free time could also be utilized by employees to advance their careers through part time studies. Technology With the advancement in technology, many organizations have considerably changed their operations in order to meet the demands of the market and promote efficiency among employees. Besides promotion of productivity, technology is viewed as a key component of high performance work system. It is a major driving exercise which has led to summit performance among companies like Vodafone in recent years with its expansion taking the centre stage for most organizations in every part of the world. Among other ways in which technology transforms organizational performance is through facilitation of communication and sharing of information (Dubrin, 2011, p. 254).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Managers and employees are able to effectively communicate and make decisions promptly through a communication infrastructure that is necessary. A part from allowing smooth flow of information, it can further be argued that a well established communication infrastructure results into a high performance work system. How can an organization perform without good communication? Any breakdown in communication of an organization broadens the gap among employees and employee-employer relationships. Based on the fundamental role played by technology, its integration in the daily operations of a company is quite essential. For organizations which may have complicated production processes and procedures, adoption of certain technological techniques could be important in promotion of employee efficiency and flexibility (Creating High-Performance Work Systems, n.d., p. 1). As a result, managers are tasked to identify existing technological needs and address them in order to develop a competitiv e advantage within the market and motivate its employees. With the role played by technology being considered to be immense, there is no doubt that any management has to appreciate the challenges which arise. Technology comes with challenges and costs which have to be incurred by individual organizations before its integration is implemented (Creating High-Performance Work Systems,.d., p. 1). Problem Solving To achieve a high performance work system, there is every need for companies to establish mechanism to handle everyday challenges. Work problems are normal and part of the running of an organization. However, the manner in which such challenges are handled has a significant impact on the performance of the entire working environment. A high performance work system therefore advocates for preparedness by having operating procedures which have to be followed in addressing particular issues (Ramsay, Scholarios Harley, 2000, p. 505). It is further important to reiterate the incompa rable role of good communication in problem solving. By establishing these channels, suggestions among stakeholders can easily be realized and communicated to employees before a situation gets out of hand. Respect An effective working environment comprises of managers and employees who hold and value respect for each other. Although many people focus on the respect between employees and managers alone, this recognition is equally significant among managers and employees. Respect among employees allows each to see other’s responsibility as important as any other. It eliminates managers from despising junior employees of the organization by promoting mutual existence within the working system (Ramsay, Scholarios Harley, 2000, p. 504). Respect promotes the virtue of cooperation towards the realization of set goals and objectives. Many of the employees are able to embrace a sense of obligation to a given organization in enhancing a friendly working atmosphere necessary for inten ded successful results. Based on the above analysis of the components of an effective high performance work system, it is more evident that the need to implement such a plan is inevitable especially in order to realize profitable performance within an organization. Many of the major organizations like Vodafone have significantly implemented these plans, causing them to rise to globally recognized peak levels. With Vodafone as a model organization, it is important to understand how the company has worked towards promoting of a high performance work system in the telecommunication industry. Vodafone Vodafone is one of the leading telecommunication companies in not only the United Kingdom but also across the world. This is measured by its annual revenues and the total number of customers who place it at second position after China Mobile (Hill, 2011). With its operations extending in more than twenty countries around the world, Vodafone continues to thrive in the market due to several factors which favor it. The company has for long remained committed to winning customers through their sustainable strategy which promotes ethical behavior, honesty and responsibility. Additionally, reduction of environmental effect drives its operation making it outstanding among other telecommunication companies. The achievement of credibility within a competitive market has been of great significance. Although these efforts have been mainly towards its success, the company has also promoted a high performance work system for its employees. Ethical Environment Vodafone employees operate in an honest working environment which has been nurtured by the company’s top leadership since its inception in the year 1982. By operating in this honest environment, employees are motivated to be devoted towards service delivery in an ethical and disciplined manner. This eliminates cases of unethical practices like bribery and corruption (Shetty, 2011). Upholding ethical business strategie s further promotes respect among Vodafone employees and managers. Managers have nurtured the art of respecting each other and leading other employees practically. Its honest history has also played a key role in winning customers through customer satisfaction through strategies which seek to establish better connection with its customers. Through surveys and feedback analysis from customers, the company prides in a massive loyalty of customers within the telecommunications industry. Training of Vodafone Employees Another important component of an effective high performance work system employed by Vodafone is training of its employees. The company holds high value for its employees, an approach which has led to the training of most of its employees in order to meet the challenges and demands of the telecommunications market. This training further aims at ensuring that every employee achieves his or her full potential in terms of service delivery and efficient productivity (Shetty, 20 11). Through continuous training programs, Vodafone Group has created a workforce that embraces diversity in skills and cultures to operate around the world. Training of employees has highly been enhanced by the establishment of a Learning Academy which offers instant solutions for learning and advancement solutions. IT Incorporation Besides an ethical environment and training of its employees, Vodafone has identified technology to be a major requirement for its global operations. Information Technology has helped the Group to gain a competitive advantage platform in the market through effective business operations which solely targets employee efficiency and customer satisfaction. This has been considered as one of the strategies of achieving set objectives. IT capabilities within the company further allow employees to have access to learning services within the company’s intranet. With a variety of online courses for the employees, advancement within Vodafone workface is hi ghly encouraged to meet the needs of employees in order to serve in other involving capacities. To address IT needs, the company has adopted cloud computing which is vital in sharing of data globally through wireless connection of personal computers. Conclusion Based on the above effective components of a high performance work system and the manner in which Vodafone Group has fully implemented these strategies, it suffices to say that a good working environment has far reaching benefits. As a matter of fact, the above effective components support the need to motivate employees in any given organization and environment (Jeffrey, 1995, p. 29). Employees who are involved in decision making, well paid, trained for new tasks and equipped with technology to meet upcoming challenges get motivated to work productively for the success of the company. It is however important to appreciate the fact that every component can be adopted depending on the existing organizational demands. It remains the role of managers to have strategies in place which should be implemented in order to achieve intended objectives. Of significance is the importance to have a harmonious relationship between the management and employees. Through a good communication and employee motivation approaches, there need not be a communication gap that may hinder company growth. Nevertheless, recognition of employee should be emphasized through a scheme which gauges employee performance. Besides inspiring employees to have a positive attitude towards their job and perform better, employee incentives create performance competition within the company. This competition is quite important in ensuring that employees give their best in terms of their abilities and skills. In addition, an understanding of the organizational culture is essential in adopting a list of components to be incorporated in the strategic plan (Armstrong, 2011, p. 165). As such, any high performance work system has to be inclined to the culture of the company. References Armstrong, M., 2008. Strategic Human Resource Management: A Guide to Action. London, UK: Kogan Page. Armstrong, M., 2011. Armstrong’s Handbook of Strategic Human Resource Management. London, UK: Kogan Page. Creating High-Performance Work Systems., n.d. Creating High-Performance Work Systems. Web. Dubrin, A., 2011. Essentials of Management. New York, NY: Cengage Learning. Hill, S., 2011. Vodafone case study. Web. Jeffrey, K., 1995. High Performance Work Systems and Firm Performance. 118 Monthly Lab. Rev. 29. Ramsay, H, Scholarios, D Harley, B., 2000. Employees and High-Performance Work Systems: Testing inside the Black Box. British Journal of Industrial Relations. 38:4 December 2000. pp. 501-531. Shetty, N., 2011. Leadership Style at Vodafone. Web. This essay on What are the most important components of an effective high performance work system? was written and submitted by user Abbie D. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Homosexuality and Single-Sex Schools

Homosexuality and Single-Sex Schools Unfortunately, for many American students, insults and accusations are part of everyday life. All to often, students, as young as elementary school, are faced with criticism and judgment from their peers, and despite great efforts by many, there are still people in our country who are not the diverse, tolerant people wed like to surround ourselves with on a daily basis. This unfortunate truth means that some students look elsewhere to find supportive and welcoming environments for their middle and high school educations. This is where private school comes into play, as many private schools embrace the many facets of diversity that exist within students, creating vibrant communities unlike what most high school students embrace. However, there is debate among many about the role of single-sex schools when it comes to homosexuality. While some believe that schools that cater to just one gender provide a supportive place for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) students, others believe that these schools  have a hidden side effect: they promote homosexuality. Scientific Studies Surprisingly, there are few scientific studies available to provide conclusive evidence, but no limit to personal opinions. The debate topics include whether or not single-sex schools promote gender stereotypes, if homosexuality is learned or genetic and, particularly, how single-sex schools may impact students if it homosexuality is, in fact, learned. Debate.com has a page dedicated to whether or not single-sex schools promote homosexuality. The outcome of those who have contributed to date shows a majority of debaters (59 percent) feel that single-sex schools do not promote homosexuality. Many single-sex school graduates claim that their experiences, be it high school or even college, were empowering and helped them grow as individuals. Others agree, but say that they discovered their gender identity in that environment because it was the first time they were allowed to experience something different than the stereotypes they grew up with of only male-female couples being acceptable. Unfortunately, for many children stereotypes are all they see in their daily lives and become what they understand simply because they are not exposed to diverse views. Most certainly, no child wants to be intimidated or ostracized simply because they are different. These difference sometimes mean that students are subject to bullying by peers who dont understand or accept them, and these actions can be especially harsh when adults look the other way or are not present. While some claim that single-sex schools promote gender stereotypes, others adamantly disagree, stating that the single-sex school breaks down the stereotypes and better educates students on a more diverse set of viewpoints. The Value of an Open and Affirming Culture What many people dont know is that boys and girls schools often  play to the strengths of students. These open and affirming cultures can provide better support, counseling, and education, empowering students to embrace who they are more than ever. When students can walk around their school community openly without fear of discrimination or bullying, they are able to grow as individuals and achieve more success. Both boys and girls have to deal with their sexuality, understanding their feelings and inclinations mean and how to handle them. If they havent thought of it themselves, the American entertainment industry will certainly put all those gender debates and discussions right under their noses. What any good private school is able to do is to provide some serious mentoring and discussion of issues like teenage sexuality. The tightly wrapped sense of community which most of these schools have makes young people feel comfortable discussing these and other issues. Teens are under enormous stress under normal conditions. Add to the mix worries about sexuality and grades and you potentially have a recipe for extreme measures of dealing with the stress. For some, this can lead to eating disorders, cutting, or even suicide. Heed the warning signs, no matter how insignificant you think they may be, and talk to someone if there are concerns about the physical, mental, or emotional health of a child. If students feel as though they cannot confront their classmates, they should alert an adult and make sure she follows through. Supporting a peer struggling with an issue often means going against their wishes to deal with issues privately in favor of getting help from a qualified individual.   Edited by Stacy Jagodowski

Free Essays on American Airlines

american airlines By: helen kninich Helen Khinich Individual Project Outline: American Airlines Introduction: American Airlines is the biggest airline in the United States since 1991. American Airlines was pioneer in many fields gaining competitive and advantage over the other airlines. American has also pioneered several policies including that affected the industry’s structure and standard practices. In the 1960’s, American introduced the first computerized reservation system, revolutionizing the marketing and distribution of the travel industry. In 1977, they introduced â€Å"the super saver† fares, which was the first program of discounts for leisure travelers and in 1981, they launched the first frequent-flier program. AMR, the parent company for American Airlines, has a number of businesses within its corporate structure including: American Airlines whose success is rooted in the airline’s greatest asset – its people, all 101,706 of them. In the rapidly changing markets where Am erican competes in the United States and abroad, American Eagle which was established in 1984 as American Airlines' regional airline affiliate. The American Eagle network is the largest regional airline system in the world, with over 1,400 flights a day to more than 101 cities throughout the United States, Canada, The Bahamas and the Caribbean. AA Cargo, a division of American Airlines, which provides more than 14 million pounds of daily lift capacity to major cities in Europe, Canada, Mexico the Caribbean, Central and South America, Asia and throughout the United States. Through cooperative interline agreements, AA Cargo can transport shipments to virtually any country in the world. Manufacturing A Severe Manufacturing Problem: Flight 587 crashed last November and investigation determined that it was due to mechanical failure, as if September 11th didn’t scare the people enough. There were other problems with this Airbus A300 prior to this ... Free Essays on American Airlines Free Essays on American Airlines Introduction The National Transportation Board has recommended to the Federal Aviation Administration that all FAR Part 121, 125, and 135 passenger-carrying aircraft be equipped with cockpit video recorders, cockpit voice recorders and digital flight data recorders (Rimmer, 2000). The use of flight data information has been very useful to the National Transportation Safety Board for solving countless aircraft accidents and mishaps. The recent surge for the upgraded equipment, especially the cockpit video recorders, stems from the crashes of ValuJet Flight 592 in the Florida Everglades, Swissair Flight 111, which crashed off the coast of Halifax, and more recently the EgyptAir 990 crash (â€Å"Safety Board Favors Cameras For Cockpits,† 2000). The current equipment used in the aircraft today is the Cockpit Voice Recorder and the Flight Data Recorder. The cockpit voice recorder records the radio transmissions between the pilots and the air traffic controllers who guide the planes to their des ignated areas in the air and on the ground. The cockpit voice recorder also records the sounds inside the cockpit between pilots, stall warning signals, engine noise, landing gear extension and retraction, weather briefs, and any other abnormal noises (Barker, 1999). The flight data recorder monitors certain parameters of the actual airplane such as the altitude, airspeed, compass heading, vertical acceleration and time (Maharry, 2000). Definition The National Transportation Safety Board wants to upgrade existing flight data recorders and implement cockpit video recorders for safety reasons and to help solve commercial airline crashes. The airline pilots are against the idea of the cockpit recorders due to the fact that they will be on camera at all times and feel that this is a breach of privacy and the film could be leaked to the media (Sher, 2000). Affected Principles The National Transportation Safety Board has cited that with the help of the cock... Free Essays on American Airlines american airlines By: helen kninich Helen Khinich Individual Project Outline: American Airlines Introduction: American Airlines is the biggest airline in the United States since 1991. American Airlines was pioneer in many fields gaining competitive and advantage over the other airlines. American has also pioneered several policies including that affected the industry’s structure and standard practices. In the 1960’s, American introduced the first computerized reservation system, revolutionizing the marketing and distribution of the travel industry. In 1977, they introduced â€Å"the super saver† fares, which was the first program of discounts for leisure travelers and in 1981, they launched the first frequent-flier program. AMR, the parent company for American Airlines, has a number of businesses within its corporate structure including: American Airlines whose success is rooted in the airline’s greatest asset – its people, all 101,706 of them. In the rapidly changing markets where Am erican competes in the United States and abroad, American Eagle which was established in 1984 as American Airlines' regional airline affiliate. The American Eagle network is the largest regional airline system in the world, with over 1,400 flights a day to more than 101 cities throughout the United States, Canada, The Bahamas and the Caribbean. AA Cargo, a division of American Airlines, which provides more than 14 million pounds of daily lift capacity to major cities in Europe, Canada, Mexico the Caribbean, Central and South America, Asia and throughout the United States. Through cooperative interline agreements, AA Cargo can transport shipments to virtually any country in the world. Manufacturing A Severe Manufacturing Problem: Flight 587 crashed last November and investigation determined that it was due to mechanical failure, as if September 11th didn’t scare the people enough. There were other problems with this Airbus A300 prior to this ... Free Essays on American Airlines American Airlines American Airlines Marketing cases AMERICAN AIRLINES 1. Issues 2. American Airlines’ objectives 3. The airline industry 4. Market 5. Consumer needs 6. Brand image 7. Distribution system 8. Pricing 9. Marketing related strategies 10. Assumptions and risks 1- Issues The main issue of this case is the lack of profits of the airline industry, an industry that should be more than profitable due to the large amount of customers, the necessity of using airlines’ services and the high prices charged by most of these airlines. What we are going to deal with is, why is this happening? And how is American airlines dealing with this problem?. To be able to discuss how American airlines wants to regain profitability, we must identify and analyse different issues such as, the company’s background, the airline industry as a whole, the demand for air travel, the marketing strategies, the distribution systems, pricing policies etc. 2- American Airlines’ objectives American Airlines’ prime objective is to bring back value to air travel, through stimulating business travel, lowering prices etc. So in other words American Airlines’ main objective is to become as profitable as possible. To understand better the company’s objectives we first have to focus on the company’s background, this way we will find out why the airline is not as profitable as it should, and what kind of a change is needed. American Airlines had been the largest airline in the United States for a long time. In 1990 and 1991 due to a recession and the Gulf War, demand for air travel dropped drastically, for this reason, fare wars started and all the airlines incurred massive losses. 3,4- The Airline industry and the market The airline industry is large, specially in the United States, mainly due to the â€Å" Deregulation† of the industry. In 1938, the Civil Aeronautics Board was created to control the growth of the air transportation industry. This b o...

Literature review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Literature review - Essay Example The model is basically represented in a mathematical equation which is equated with the â€Å"expected rate of return on a stock to risk free rate plus a risk premium for the stock’s systematic risk† (Keown, 1998, p.242). Risk premium for a particular security is basically defined as the required return after deducting the risk free rate existing in the market. Total risk which is calculated as a standard deviation of return is generally fragmented into two parts. They are unsystematic and risk systematic risk, Beta () (Strong, 2008, p.168). The investors are rewarded bearing through this risk only and is very crucial. The equation for CAPM can be given as follows: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. (1) The above equation is a CAPM equation and it is also known as the security market line. In this equation, is the expected return, is the risk free return, is the required return for a particular market portfolio. , measure the systematic risk (Keown, 1998, p.242). 1.2 Application T he model provides a logical approach for analyzing the return that an investor should receive from an investment. More interestingly, the model is applied in a wide spectrum in the field of modern finance for the purpose of estimating the cost of equity and the performance of a company. Evaluating performance of companies in a particular industrial area is of great importance as it reflects the economic functioning of the area and further decides the strength of investor’s attraction in that particular area (Armitage, 2005, p.278). 2. Research Aims and Objectives The rationale thus created is that the CAPM model helps to calculate expected return of an investor and evaluate the performance of the companies. The concentration in this paper will be on the later trajectory i.e. performance of the companies. The aim of the paper is to find proper application of CAPM model in a real world scenario. The objective of the paper is centered on finding out the intensity of the companie s creating value for their shareholders with data on ten US companies listed in the New York Stock Exchange. 4. Research questions The research questions that will be discussed in this paper are discussed below: 1. What is the importance of CAPM model in corporate finance? 2. What are the fields where the model is applicable and what important results it yield? 3. What decision criterion the model generates that drives the financial managers to take important business decisions? 3. Research hypothesis The research hypothesis that will be tested in this paper can be represented in a tabular format as given below: H0: The companies selected are not performing strongly to create value for the shareholders H1: The companies selected are performing strongly to create value for the shareholders H0 is the null hypothesis which will be tested against the alternative hypothesis H1. The data and testing procedure will be explained in a detailed manner in the methodology section. Now, the subs equent section will focus on a brief literature review on this particular financial model i.e. CAPM. 4. Literature Review Rigorous testing has been employed with CAPM model in the last three decades. Studies of Jensen and Scholes in 1972, Blume and Friend in 1973, Reinganum in 1981, Banz in 1981 founded that there exist a positive correlation between the realized return and as well as that between risk and return is a linear function. Through the

Mkting of Services Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Mkting of Services - Assignment Example In light of this, the paper will propose appropriate measures of service quality for the face-to-face interaction between provider & potential customer, & for any interaction which is mediated by technology. A service quality is antecedent to consumer satisfaction while consumer satisfaction is antecedent to the purchasing power of the consumer (VERMA, H. 2012). Service organizations perceive quality service in terms of costs; profitability, consumer satisfaction, customer relations, behavioural intention and word of mouth. Service organizations ascertain service quality by taking either of the above. Services are mainly composed of three major characteristics such as intangibility, inseparability of production and consumption, heterogeneity and perishability. A recurring theme in the United Kingdom service companies is the difficulty manager’s experience in translating and understanding the customer’s expectations into service that employees can understand and execute. Customer expectation is the belief about service delivery that serves as standard of reference against which performance is judged. Customers evaluate service quality by comparing their perception of servic e with their expectations. Service quality and customer service expectations can be categorized into five overall dimensions: tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. Travellers for instance may expect no frill service for short domestic flight but would be dissatisfied with the same level of service on a full airline service flying a longer distance. It is therefore a key challenge for the travel agents and operation manager to understand customer expectation of the service that they are offering to their customers. Customers have different service expectations which are classified into two. They include the desired service

A critical review of a story in the press Essay Example for Free

A critical review of a story in the press Essay The story I have chosen to review is about Derek Bond, a 72 year old pensioner from Bristol. Mr Bond was arrested by South African authorities, when he arrived for a family holiday with his wife in South Africa. Mr Bond was detained at the request of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, on suspicion of being one of Americas most wanted criminals; the alleged crime a $4. 8 million telemarketing fraud. Fortunately, for Derek Bond it was a case of mistaken identity. Eventually he was released, with the help of media intervention after a traumatic three week ordeal, locked up, in a South African prison. The story broke in a television news broadcast by the BBC six o clock evening news, on Tuesday 25th February 2003. The story was published by the newspapers the following day, 26th February 2003. The two newspapers I have chosen to compare the story are, The Guardian, and The Daily Mirror. The Guardian is a politically left-of-centre broadsheet newspaper aimed at professional middle- class Britain. The Guardian uses formal vocabulary to report on the facts of a story it is writing about. The Guardian costs 55 pence to buy, and provides, national and international news, policy and politics section, finance, sport, theatre, art reviews, and finally human interest supplements. The Guardian offers extremely good value for money, over an average of 35 pages. In contrast, The Daily Mirror is a politically left-of-centre tabloid newspaper aimed at working- class Britain. The Daily Mirror uses informal vocabulary consisting of common words that are easily understood. This would indicate that its aimed at a lower readership, than The Guardian. The Daily Mirror costs 32 pence to buy, and provides, national news, showbiz gossip, advertising, holiday offers, horoscopes, television listings, finance, and, finally sport. On average, the reader will get 60-70 pages of coverage. ANALYSIS DAY ONE THE GUARDIAN The coverage of the story began on Wednesday 26th February 2003. It was placed on page three of the newspaper on a day when front page news headlines focussed on, War rebels challenge Blair, about the up and coming war on Iraq. The article, in question was headlined, The Names Bond but is he a fraudster wanted by the FBI or a Bristol family man? The headline was printed black on white, with an approximate letter size of one inch. The effect of this is a play on the catchphrase of James Bond 007 spy films, to create mystery and intrigue, and grasp the readers attention. Two feature photographs 5 wide, and 8 long, in size are placed directly beneath the headline. The photograph on the left hand side, of the real fugitive is in black and white print. This image shows him looking very sombre, similar to an FBI, Mugshot photograph. In contrast, the photograph of Mr Bond is in colour, portraying him as a respectable family man dressed in evening attire, smiling and looking very healthy. This obviously shows the contrast in style between the two men. A further two photographs appear directly beneath Mr Bond; one of the police station, in Durban where he was held, and the other a photograph of his three children. Both photographs are in colour and approximately 3 wide and 2 long, in size. The reason behind these two photographs is so the reader is given an insight where Mr Bond was held, and too see the look of pain and disbelief, on the faces, of his children. A sub-heading occupies the top left hand corner, which summarises the whole story. Emotive words have been used, Victim, and Theft, to attract and engage the readers attention. Different styles of typography have been used across the whole page. For example, a bold print dropped capital letter, one inch in size, at the beginning of the opening paragraph, to draw the eye of the reader, to the introduction, and not browse over the story to the end. Directly beneath the photograph of fugitive, Derek Sykes, alias Derek Bond, a different style of typography has been used, to show a comparable section in which comparisons are made between, what Mr Bonds family claim, and what the FBI claim is true. This has been highlighted by the use of a sub-heading in red bold print. In addition to this, bullet points have been used to divide the statements. ANALYSIS DAY ONE THE DAILY MIRROR The coverage of the story also began on Wednesday 26th February 2003. The story was placed on page nineteen of the newspaper, in contrast to The Guardian where the story was placed on page three. This means that The Guardian, considers the story of rather more importance, than The Daily Mirror. Two totally different headlines stole front page coverage, firstly, Is Richard the No 1 VILLAIN in TV soap history? Secondly, MUTINY- 100-plus Labour rebels to defy Blair over Iraq. This is typical of a tabloid news headline; TV soap is given priority over the Iraq crisis. The story began with a bold print capitalised headline, THE NAMES BOND The letters are one inch in size. The headline is similar to The Guardian, but leads the reader on to the next part of the page. The typography of White on Black has been used to highlight two sub-heading statements, which are as follows: Is he a toupee wearing $4. 8m fraudster and one of the FBIS most wanted criminals Or a balding 72-year-old wine-tasting Rotarian who lives in Bristol? Each statement has a letter size of half an inch, and is placed in a 3 squared black box, creating maximum effect of the WOB. Directly beneath the first statement is a round photograph of fugitive Derek Sykes, in black and white, 3 in diameter. The photograph used by The Daily Mirror, is identical to The Guardian, but is scaled down in size and a different shape. In addition, a photograph of Mr Bond is placed directly beneath the second statement. Basically, this reveals who, The Daily Mirror thinks is the real, and false, fugitive. Furthermore, a photograph of Mr Bonds children appears beneath the main headline, which is black and white, and 2 squared in size. The photograph is different to the one used by The Guardian; its in a different place, and in addition is not posed. It seems to have been taken by chance, rather than with consent from the family. ANALYSIS DAY 2 THE GUARDIAN By the following day, Mr Bond had been released as the FBIs mistake was acknowledged. The story on day 2 is given front page priority. A sub- heading in red bold print is placed as a footnote; the footnote reads, Good news for Mr Bond, followed by a brief summary, and the reader is directed to page 3, where the story continues. In addition, to the footnote a cartoon caption appears next to the directional pointer, which is sarcastically laughing at the incompetence, of the FBI.

Father-Daughter Relationship in the Film, William Faulkner: A Life on Paper :: Movie Film Essays

Father-Daughter Relationship in the Film, William Faulkner: A Life on Paper While the relationship between fathers and sons has been documented at length, the father/ daughter dynamic figures less prominently in literary tropes; in fact the last canonical piece I can recall reading was Euripedes’ Electra in high school. The tenuous relationship between Daddy and his little girl, however, harbors depths more personal and tangible than Greek tragedy and psychological analyses invoking the Electra complex. The emotionally void or aloof father in particular often burdens the female psyche, for his absence proves just as palpable as his sought after presence, shaping the landscape of a daughter’s future relationships and the construction of a self-image fragmented and disjointed by an early and intimate knowledge of rejection and abandonment. Transcending characterizations attached primarily to filial duty as experienced by the matriarch, the father figure remains the subject of mythologization, just as Sylvia Plath turned her father into a Colossus , a cold, inanimate stone edifice revealing none of his secrets or affection. If the absent or emotionally unavailable father takes on shades of grandeur for the daughter that knew little of him, one can only imagine the impression left by the father figure whose imagined significance in the eyes of his child is only matched by the reality of his fame. William Faulkner, A Life on Paper conveys an image of the literary colossus that both perpetuates the persona of the great American writer and deflates it. Representing the author as a fallible man who endows the world with a narrative legacy while leaving his own daughter little more than a few candid glimpses into his character, the film relays the commentary of Faulkner’s daughter as she attempts to piece together a sketch of an apathetic, mercurial, and brilliant father. Jill Faulkner Summers pulls from her memory pictures of her father as â€Å"extremely courtly and elegant† but lacking a depth and sincerity in his personal relationships: â€Å"Pappy didn’t really care about people. I think he cared about me, but I also think I could have gotten in his way and he would have walked on me.† Faulkner’s coarse words penetrated more than the page as well. After imploring â€Å"pappy† not to succumb to another drinking bout, Faulkner informs his daughter, â€Å"no one remembers Shakespeare’s child†. The film, then, relates a father/ daughter dynamic built upon emotional lack, as the father expressly negates the significance of his own child.

Population

A population is consists of a group of the same species which occupy the same area. In order for a population to survive certain variables must be in place, making the biome ideal to support life for that and the other species within that community. There are some species that depends solely on the type of climate and food web that is available in a particular biome, these species would be considered to be specialists. Other species are able to adapt to the change of climate and eat a variety of items which aids in their survival and population growth.This paper will examine four species of birds in an effort to ascertain which species may be considered generalist / opportunistic and which species are specialist depending on specific climate or with a narrow niche preference. In order to providers with accurate information the writer will examine the environmental preference of these specific species, their diet, population growth and biome that provides the perfect living conditions for their species. The four species being examined today are the American Robin, the Wood Stork, Great Blue Herron and the Double Crested Cormorant.The American Robin's diet consists of a wide variety of berries earthworms and insects, and they are found throughout North America. Communities or Robins are found in several biomes, including forests edges, woodlands, grasslands, tundra and forests regenerating from recent fires, they are also found in populated urban areas since human development provides areas for them to forage. Although the Robin is a migratory species some of them have adapted to the cold and spend their entire lives in the colder regions of Northern America and Southern Canada.Although some American Robin is capable of adapting to several environments their diets are not so widespread in the summer they feast on insects and earthworms, while in the winters their diets mainly consists of berries. It is often hard to determine whether or not a species fall in the category of generalist or specialist because of their behavior and eating patterns, however it could safely be said that the American Robin is a specialist and their eating habits has proven this and also because they are migratory.The Double Crested Cormorant is widely distributed being found in egions with bodies of water that will support their diet of mainly fish however crustaceans, insects and amphibians are known to be consumed by them. The biomes that provide them with the best living conditions would be the temperate costal waterways, freshwater rivers and lakes and other marine waters The fact that they consume over 250 species of fish which is readily available in regions with abundant rainfall has aided in the rebound of their population.The Double Crested Cormorant falls within the category of generalist [opportunistic. In the United States he Wood Stork is found mainly in the southern regions along the coastal areas. Their food supply which includes a range fishes, fro gs, mollusks, snails and insects can be found in coastal areas, tidal waters, marshes, swamps, streams and mangroves. The to provide them with food supply year round. Although their diets are made up of several types of items they mainly come from the waterways and as such their distribution is not widespread, making the Wood stork a specialist species.The Great Blue Herron was made for survival; they are very adaptive and can be found in a ide variety of areas within the United States. Their diets include both vertebrates and invertebrates, insects, fishes and even other birds. They also consume small mammals and amphibians which can be found in forests or waterways. These birds can also endure the cold winters therefore many biomes support their habitats. The Great Blue Herron would be considered an opportunistic species since they are widely distributed and very adaptive to climate and diet.In concluding I would like to say that most species don't fit easily into one category mak ing it harder to identify hether or not they are specialist or generalist, as in the case of the Robin who is widely distributed, however they are confined based on what they eat and weather conditions.

Hardware and Software Selection Paper Essay

Technology plays a very important role in businesses because it helps make things so much easier as far as recording the information, create financial statements, and account management. Thus, computer hardware is what the companies use for data storage, and software packages are the tools businesses use to help the business run faster and easier. There are different types of hardware and software that the companies have to choose wisely to fit and benefit their businesses. It is important to have the hardware that help the company store, organize, manipulate, and update the amount of business information with the assistance of database management programs because the company would use the programs to keep track with its customers, employees, suppliers, and inventory. Also, the most important is that the programs allow the accountants and accounting clerks keep track and maintain with the company’s financial reports, and the programs allow them to manage the payrolls as well a s the account receivable and account payable to avoid error financial reports and tax returns. Riordan AIS Integration and End-User Information Access Technology plays a very important role in all types of businesses because it helps the organizations get things done must fast, easy, and secure. It also allows the organizations to maintenance their businesses as well as keep track with the clients or consumers. Thus, many organizations use hardware to record the company’s information, they also use the computer software as a method to protect their computers against hackers attack and other Internet treats. However, there are certain people in different level allow  having access to the information, and the people who need access to the information would be the accountants (general and supervisors), accounting clerks, director of accounting and finance, the president, CEO, CFO, and COO. The accounting clerks needs to access to the information to edit or enter payments, billings, and adjustment of credit or debit for the business, and they also need to access to the General Ledger and Month end reports to ensure all the inf ormation is corrected to avoid future problems. Also, the general accountant and accounting supervisors need to view the reports to ensure the accounting clerks complete their tasks by enter all the information before month end. Once all the information are entered the director of accounting and finance would access to review the reports or edit them if needed to ensure that the finance are corrected such as Account Payable and Credit, and they will base on the information and number on the reports to make best decisions for the business. On the other hand, the president, CEO, CFO, and COO would access to the entire system to review all the reports such as month end reports and payment reports in order to see if the company is making or losing money. The bottom line would show that either the company is making profits or losing money and which areas. It is important for the reports to be accurate because the management would base on the information shows on these reports to make best decision for the business as well as the compan y. Riordan AIS Integration and Internal Controls Integrating the accounts receivable accounting process into an automated system requires specific internal controls to protect the company against fraud and theft. An efficient control system will protect the confidence of information, quickly identify errors, and remove the opportunity of compromise. Setting controls should also ensure the accuracy of data entered into the accounts receivable ledger, ensure a segregation of duties, and promote a timely presentation of financial reports in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). In accordance with the Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act, the company must ensure the integrity of all financial information. To determine the effectiveness of an automated accounts receivable process a system must be put in place to monitor it. Written control policies must be developed for all employees with access to  automated systems or relative information. There must be a set protocol implemented for all activities. Management must be familiar with and closely monitor daily activities. Infogix, Inc. is a software company that helps businesses to monitor and analyze information. Independent, automated controls are implemented to monitor information from beginning to end. Infogix controls make sure that all activities comply with COBIT, all transactions are validated, and subsequently compliance costs are reduced. AIS Integration and Reporting Processes Enterprise integration of centralized accounting information system (â€Å"AIS†) at Riordan Manufacturing, Inc. (â€Å"Riordan†) brings a number of challenges with respect to reporting processes. Previously, Riordan’s various AIS deployed in regional offices â€Å"[have] been unable to achieve anything remotely resembling ‘seamless compatibility'† (Apollo Group, Inc., 2013, Riordan—Finance Overview, para. 5), with a corresponding lack of information portability and accessibility between offices. A centralized data warehouse for Riordan allows all regional offices to enter and store accounts receivable data in uniform data tables and procedures, permitting more easily comprehended data in nearly real-time accessibility. This enhanced data storage capacity also requires enhanced information reporting processes, with sufficiently powerful and flexible hardware and software packages to meet the complex and diverse needs of Riordan’s central administration and its many regional offices. Hardware Proposals Riordan’s multiple regional offices present a diverse requirement in terms of hardware needs. Most office workers will find their tasks sufficiently satisfied with standard personal computers, without requiring much customization by the organization aside from adherence to security protocol. Many sales and executive staff will require far more complex and diverse hardware packages in their work. Laptop computers allow nearly all capabilities of a personal computer in a more portable device, but may yet be too bulky when literally on the move. To this end, tablet computers and smart-phones allow access to the Internet and thus—with the proper credentials and software—sufficient accessibility to organizational information systems and communication networks. However, a balance must be  found between convenience and cost-effectiveness in terms of actual hardware selection in these circumstances. Reporting Software Proposals Two powerful pieces of software for business reporting purposes are Crystal Reports and Business Objects. According to the marketing department of its publisher, Crystal Reports is â€Å"powerful, user-friendly applications †¦ [that] can help you deliver key insights to the right decision maker, at the right time, in the right format† (SAP, 2014, para. 1). This sort of software is a SQL programming tool to design and produce custom, automated reports from a variety of data sources in an organizational information system. The program engine may also be integrated into custom designed data entry and reporting software packages from other third-party vendors, allowing these powerful reports to be easily incorporated into packages custom designed to meet the organization’s informational needs. AIS Integration with Company Internet and Intranet Portals The company’s intranet should have information that allows employees to be more knowledgeable about the company. It should include items such as an employee directory; benefit plan details; structural information regarding the company; the company’s mission statement, goals, and objectives; and request forms for supplies and processes. Although detailed information regarding Accounts Receivable would not be shared on the Intranet, the large picture of the financial information for the company should be on the Intranet for employees to view. This could include quarterly financial reports, with the total accounts receivable amount integrated into the report. This would allow employees to feel empowered by knowing how the company is handling money. It also gives employees a feeling of contentment knowing that they are secure in their organization. In conclusion, it is important for the company to choose the best hardware and software to fit and benefit the company to ensur e that it aids the business as well as creating the financial reports and keep track with its customers. References Apollo Group, Inc. (2013). Virtual organizations portal—Riordan—Company intranet—Homepage. Retrieved from: https://ecampus.phoenix.edu/secure/aapd/cist/VOP/Business/Riordan/index.asp Apollo Group, Inc. (2013). Virtual organizations portal—Riordan—Company intranet—Finance overview. Retrieved from: https://ecampus.phoenix.edu/secure/aapd/cist/VOP/Business/Riordan/Finance/Overview.asp Bagranoff, N. A., Norman, C. S., Simkin, M. G. (2008). Core concepts of accounting information systems (10th ed.). New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Retrieved from University of Phoenix ACC/340—Accounting Information Systems—Course Materials. SAP.com (2014) Empower your small business with SAP Crystal Reports. Retrieved from: http://www.sap.com/solution/sme/software/analytics/crystal-reports/index.html

Plus ça Change - French Expression

Plus à §a Change - French Expression Expression: Plus à §a change, plus cest la mà ªme chose Pronunciation: [plu sa sha(n)zh plu say la mem shoz] Meaning: the more things change, the more they stay the same. Literal translation: more it changes, more its the same thing. Register: normal How to Use Plus à §a Change The pessimistic French expression plus à §a change, plus cest la mà ªme chose is very often cut down to just the first clause: plus à §a change... / the more things change... The shortened French expression is often used in English too, particularly British English.In either language, plus à §a change indicates a certain disillusionment or resignation regarding whatever is being talked about. A company makes all kinds of policy changes, for example, but the personnel issues are unaffected. A couple go to marriage counseling, but continue fighting about everything. A new sheriff comes to town, but there is no noticeable impact on crime. New people, new promises, but the same old problems - plus à §a change.... Variations: Plus à §a change, plus cest pareil: The more it changes, the more its the same.Plus à §a change (et) moins à §a change: The more it changes (and) the less it changes

Conjugating Andare in Italian

Conjugating Andare in Italian As people are always going somewhere, â€Å"andare† is an incredibly common verb in Italian, so you’ll want to be very comfortable with conjugating it in all its tenses. What’s more, it’s an irregular verb, so it doesn’t follow the typical -are verb ending pattern. Below you’ll find conjugation tables with examples so you can become more familiar with how to use it in everyday conversation. Some definitions of â€Å"andare† include: To goTo travelTo functionTo fit What to know about andare: It’s an intransitive verb, so it does not take a direct object.The infinito is â€Å"andare†.The participio passato is â€Å"andato†.The gerund form is â€Å"andando†.The past gerund form is â€Å"essendo andato†. INDICATIVO/INDICATIVE Il presente io vado noi andiamo tu vai voi andate lui, lei, Lei va loro, Loro vanno Esempi: Vanno in piazza, vuoi andare pure tu? - They’re going to the piazza, do you also want to go?Vado a lavoro tutti i giorni tranne la domenica. - I go to work every day except Sunday. Il passato prossimo io sono andato/a noi siamo andati/e tu sei andato/a voi siete andati/e lui, lei, Lei à ¨ andato/a loro, Loro sono andati/e Esempi: Sei andato alla festa di Marco? Com’era? - You went to Marco’s party? How was it?Dove siete andati giovedà ¬ sera? - Where did you (all) go Thursday evening? L’imperfetto io andavo noi andavamo tu andavi voi andavate lui, lei, Lei andava loro, Loro andavano Esempi: Da bambina andavo spesso al mare con la mia famiglia. - When I was a little girl, I often went to the sea with my parents.Mi ricordo che tu andavi spesso a studiare in biblioteca. - I remember you used to go often to study at the library. Il trapassato prossimo io ero andato/a noi eravamo andati/e tu eri andato/a voi eravate andati/e lui, lei, Lei era andato/a loro, Loro erano andati/e Esempi: Eravamo gi andati al mare quando ci siamo resi conto che stava per piovere. - We had already gone to the sea when we realized that it was about to rain.Mi sono ammalata quando tu eri andato in America. - I got ill when you were in the US. Il passato remoto io andai noi andammo tu andasti voi andaste lui, lei, Lei andà ² loro, Loro andarono Esempi: Audrey Hepburn andà ² in Africa per aiutare bambini. - Audrey Hepburn went to Africa to help children.Molti italiani andarono in America in cerca di un lavoro. - Lots of Italians went to the United States looking for a job. Il trapassato remoto io fui andato/a noi fummo andati/e tu fuiste andato/a voi foste andati/e lui, lei, Lei fu andato/a loro, Loro furono andati/e Esempi: Non appena Sophia Loren fu andata a Roma per girare un nuovo film, un’altra compagnia le offrà ¬ un ruolo principale. - Just right after Sophia Loren had gone to Rome to film a new movie another company offered her a principal role.Quando i miei genitori furono andati via, mi misi a dormire. - When my parents had left I fell asleep. TIP: This tense is rarely used, so don’t worry about mastering it. You’ll only find it in sophisticated writing. Il futuro semplice io andrà ² noi andremo tu andrai voi andrete lui, lei, Lei andr loro, Loro andranno Esempi: Andranno al mercato e poi torneranno a casa. - They will be going to the store and then they will return home.Lui andr in Italia fra un mese. - He will be going to Italy in a month. Il futuro anteriore io sarà ² andato/a noi saremo andati/e tu sarai andato/a voi sarete andati/e lui, lei, Lei sar andato/a loro, Loro saranno andati/e Esempi: Maria à ¨ appena partita, sar andata all’universit. - Maria just left, she must have gone to university.Quando saranno andati via, sar molto tranquillo qua. - When they will have gone away, it will be very calm here. CONGIUNTIVO/SUBJUNCTIVE Il presente che io vada che (noi) andiamo che tu vada che (voi) andiate che lui, lei, Lei vada che (loro, Loro) vadano Esempi: Dubito che vadano a scuola per studiare, oggi c’à ¨ una festa da non perdere al mare. - I doubt they are going to school to study, today there is a must-attend party at the seaside.Spero che andiate a vedere la mostra su Pollok, à ¨ meravigliosa! - I hope you’re going to visit Pollok’s exibition, it’s amazing! Il passato io sia andato/a noi siamo andati/e tu sia andato/a voi siate andati/e lui, lei, Lei sia andato/a loro, Loro siano andati/e Esempi: Penso che siano andati nel posto sbagliato. - I think they went to the wrong place.Ritengo che tu sia andato molto bene nell’ultima interrogazione! - I think you did really well in your last oral test! L’imperfetto io andassi noi andassimo tu andassi voi andaste lui, lei, Lei andasse loro, Loro andassero Esempi: Credevo che andassero a Milano per l’expo. - I thought they went to Milan for the Expo.Pensavo che ci andassimo domani! - I thought we were going there tomorrow! Il trapassato prossimo io fossi andato/a noi fossimo andati/e tu fossi andato/a voi foste andati/e lui, lei, Lei fosse andato/a loro, Loro fossero andati/e Esempi: Se fossimo andati in Italia, avremmo avuto una bella vacanza. - If we had gone to Italy, we would have had a great vacation.Se tu fossi andata alla festa, avresti visto Marco. - If you had gone to the party, you would have seen Marco. CONDIZIONALE/CONDITIONAL Il presente io andrei noi andremmo tu andresti voi andreste lui, lei, Lei andrebbe loro, Loro andrebbero Esempi: Se volessimo fare un viaggio in Spagna, andrebbero con noi? - If we wanted to take a trip to Spain, would they go with us?Se dovessi scegliere, andrei con loro. - If I had to choose, I’d go with them. Il passato io sarei andato/a noi saremmo andati/e tu saresti andato/a voi sareste andati/e lui, lei, Lei sarebbe andato/a loro, Loro sarebbero andati/e Esempi: Sarei andato al mare, perà ² mia madre aveva bisogno del mio aiuto. - I would have gone to the seaside, but my mom needed my help.Saremmo andati in Spagna, perà ² ci hanno detto che non volevano fare un viaggio l. - We would have gone to Spain, but they told us that they didn’t want to take a trip there. IMPERATIVO/IMPERATIVE Presente noi andiamo tu va’, vai voi andate lui, lei, Lei vada loro, Loro vadano Esempi: Va’ a scuola! - Go to school! (informal)Vada dal dentista! - Go the dentist! (formal)

Wk3 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Wk3 - Assignment Example table, is found to be less than 0.05, therefore, we cannot accept null hypothesis which states that the average salaries of employees of each grade is equal. It can thus be concluded that significant difference exists in the average salaries of employees at different grades. The first null hypothesis that states that average salaries for all grades are equal is accepted as the associated P value is found to be equal to 0.07 which is greater than 0.05. The second null hypothesis that states that average salaries for both male and female employees are equal is, however, rejected as the associated P value is found to be equal to 1.5 x 10-10 which is quite less than the significance level 0.05. The third null hypothesis that tests whether the interaction is statistically significant is found to be statistically significant as the associated P value is found to be 0.17 which is significantly greater than the significance level of 0.05. It means that the grades and gender do have an interaction that impacts the equality of pays amongst employees on average. Moreover it shows that the mean salaries are equal amongst different grades while they are found to be unequal amongst male and female employees without considering their grades. Moreover in order to avoid biasness in the results the observations have been chosen at random so that the sample results can be employed for the interpretation of population parameters. Therefore mean value in this case can be used to interpret the results of mean values of population. In order to test that the compa values in the population are equal by grade and/or gender, and are independent of each factor the ANOVA has been done using Data Analysis Tool pack of MS Excel 2007. The values are chosen on convenience basis for each category. The summary of outputs thus obtained is mentioned below. The two factor ANOVA has been performed with replication. All three null hypotheses are rejected as the associated P values are found to be less

Strategic Hospitality Management - A Plan for the Expansion of Accor Essay

Strategic Hospitality Management - A Plan for the Expansion of Accor - Essay Example So Europe as a whole (including France) has a total of about 50% of Accor’s business, but the Asian market has only 9%. Considering the populations of Asia and their growing middle class, this seems a somewhat skewed proportion with ample room for improvement. The proportions hotel business are as follows: As the company has been successful within the Economy sector it seems logical to plan for the future using the paradigm that has succeeded thus far. GOALS The Accor Board is planning on continued expansion with 10,000 rooms per annum over 2007/2008. This represents a fairly modest 2.2% rise per annum. This growth is planned across both established markets, such as in Europe and North America, and emerging markets in the developing world, such as Latin American, the Middle East, and Asia. PROPOSAL Established Markets Country The country chosen for expansion in the established market is Switzerland. The brand that will be expanded is the budget ETAP band. Switzerland is a logi cal and promising choice for the following reasons. 1)The Swiss economy is one of the most advanced in the world and has a broad range of economic activity, with a main focus on the banking and tourism sectors: â€Å"Switzerland’s economy is based on a highly qualified labor force performing highly skilled work. The main areas include micro-technology, hi-tech, biotechnology, and pharmaceuticals, as well as banking and insurance know-how. Most of the people working in Switzerland are employed by small and medium-sized enterprises.†

The Good, the Bad and the Ugly Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Good, the Bad and the Ugly - Essay Example On the other hand, I cannot deny the fact that some experiences have had so far, constitute a remarkable percentage of my happiest days on earth (Fryer 87). I love my class so much for we have shared so many things together, and I also honor my teachers for all they have let me know. To give an overview of the good experiences that I have had in the university, I first consider my class. My class has had a lot of chances to visit very interesting places and I am great am part of that class (Fryer 87). First I will never forget our visit to the fine arts Museum in Houston during one of the poetry sessions. In this trip I encountered a poet who read a poem which had an African inspiration, particularly from Congo. The poem claimed that works of art in German had their roots in the African continent. This is because the people of Congo are the ones who offered the German president the art works. The whole experience at the museum overwhelmed my heart with joy, because I could identify m yself with the musical accompaniments which are very common in my African continent (Fryer 87). Moreover, the companionship I had with my classmates as we walked round the museum, made me feel so happy. As much as I have had good times in the University, I have equally had very challenging moments. ... My hopes that my classmates will finally show up were finally shuttered, when I was hit by the reality that it was already 10 o’clock and no one had arrived. I kept strong and went to the event alone unfortunately what I caught my eye was not interesting at all. I saw drunkards and smokers and I realized that was a not a place for me to be (Fryer 88). So I stayed shortly then went back home disappointed, thinking of the time I had wasted. Even though my classmates make me feel so bad, they make me feel good as well and I love them very much (Fryer 88). I am very free with them during our interactions, but sometimes a think am shy. Despite the fact that this are the same people I interact with them daily, when am asked to address them, it seems so impossible for me. I understand that I am a visitor to this country however I seek to know if all visitors feel the way I do or I just lack confidence. My participation in class is very poor as I am not able even answer a question in class though I may be having its answer. Sometimes I feel that it is because English is not my first language, as much as I can speak it (Fryer 88). I think if there is a way I can boost my confidence and have the courage to speak in class, I can really appreciate. In conclusion, my experience I the Rice University can be described as a normal one, because this is what people usually go through. Life is full of ups and downs and we should always learn to appreciate our experiences, because they usually give us a chance to learn. My class members are very great and I generally appreciate the role they have played in my life. I believe the challenges I experience in my class are not extra-ordinary, since they can be overcome. If I overcome these challenges I have confidence that I will

Lml Swot Analysis Essay Example for Free

Lml Swot Analysis Essay LML Ltd is an India-based Company that manufactures, sells and exports motorized two wheelers. The company operates in one segment, namely motorized two wheelers. They offer scooters, motorcycles, and mopeds, as well as spares and accessories. They are having their manufacturing facilities located at Kanpur in Uttar Pradesh. LML Ltd was incorporated in the year 1972 as Lohia Machineries Ltd to manufacture machinery for the synthetic fibres industry. In the year 1983, the company commenced production of 100 cc scooters in technical collaboration with Piaggio VE, SpA, Italy. In the year 1984, the company incorporated a new company under the name and style of Vespa Car Company Ltd to manufacture 200,000 scooters and 50,000 three-wheelers annually. STRENGTH Vespa is an Italian line of scooters manufactured by Piaggio. The Vespa has evolved from a single model motor scooter manufactured in 1946 by Piaggio Co. S.p.A. of Pontedera, Italy—to a full line of scooters and one of seven companies today owned by Piaggio—now Europes largest manufacturer of two-wheeled vehicles and the worlds fourth largest motorcycle manufacturer by unit sales. Known for their painted, pressed steel unibody which combines a complete cowling for the engine, a flat floorboard , and a prominent front fairing , The Vespa was the first globally successful scooter. ï‚žVespa first came to India in 1960 with a collaboration with Bajaj Auto. ï‚žThe technical collaboration ended in 1971 and Bajaj and Vespa parted ways. ï‚žVespa at that time was considered an iconic scooter brand globally and the brand was owned by Piaggio. ï‚žPiaggio then joined hands with the Kanpur based Lohia Machines Ltd ( LML) in 1983 and started to roll out the Vespa range of Scooters. ï‚žBy that time Bajaj was ruling the market with the iconic Chetak . WEAKNESS Opportunities and Threats LML stands for the highest standards of technical expertise, product innovation and has one of the ï ¬ nest R D capabilities, particularly relating to designing, rapid prototyping, CAD CAM, tooling and industrialization. It is harnessing these strengths and its vast experience in the two-wheeler business coupled with a aggressive business strategy for  its revival and turnaround. The Company is perhaps the ï ¬ rst in the world to obtain Euro III certiï ¬ cation for its 2-stroke vehicles and subsequent to restart, it has also received the upgraded ISO 9001-2008 certiï ¬ cation from DNV.

Advancement Of Women Essay -- essays research papers

Throughout the international community, women have been a primary focus of the United Nations due to their importance to the economic and social balance in a country. The advancement of women is a vital issue concerning the world as the new millenium begins. Although the international community views women with high regard and of the utmost respect, ancient traditions, one sided beliefs, and false stereotypical propaganda, which demean and belittle women are existent in the world today. Historically, women have been victims of inequality and abusive practices, and due to this, many women never reach their full potential in the economic world. First, the primary root that hinders the progress of women is the inferiority complex at an early age. In document UN/ CRC/ 531, analyzed through UNICEF, an estimated 25% of the world’s children (developing world) are in the web of child labor. To add to this, nearly 70% of all girl/female laborers go unregistered, often performing acts of prostitution and strenuous domestic housework. This form of unregistered work is dangerous to young girls because the employers often abuse their employees sexually and physically, as well as psychologically scarring them for years. This alarming fact can be attributed to the inequality of education given to young girls. At an early age, many girls are taught to be inferior to their male counterparts, both mentally and physically. Currently, 75% of all the world’s illiterates are wom... Advancement Of Women Essay -- essays research papers Throughout the international community, women have been a primary focus of the United Nations due to their importance to the economic and social balance in a country. The advancement of women is a vital issue concerning the world as the new millenium begins. Although the international community views women with high regard and of the utmost respect, ancient traditions, one sided beliefs, and false stereotypical propaganda, which demean and belittle women are existent in the world today. Historically, women have been victims of inequality and abusive practices, and due to this, many women never reach their full potential in the economic world. First, the primary root that hinders the progress of women is the inferiority complex at an early age. In document UN/ CRC/ 531, analyzed through UNICEF, an estimated 25% of the world’s children (developing world) are in the web of child labor. To add to this, nearly 70% of all girl/female laborers go unregistered, often performing acts of prostitution and strenuous domestic housework. This form of unregistered work is dangerous to young girls because the employers often abuse their employees sexually and physically, as well as psychologically scarring them for years. This alarming fact can be attributed to the inequality of education given to young girls. At an early age, many girls are taught to be inferior to their male counterparts, both mentally and physically. Currently, 75% of all the world’s illiterates are wom...

Advertisement Is a Legalised Form of Lying Essay

Necessity is the mother of invention’ is an oft-quoted saying. But now-a-days the reverse of it is more true. In modern business, ‘invention’ is mother of necessityIn this age of machinery, newthings are produced everyday. Market is created for these things through advertisementBusinessmen advertise their goods in various ways and thus spread a knowledge of their goodsamong the customers. It is through advertisement that people begin to feel a need for even those goods of whichthey had never heard before. Advertisement creates demand. it is the backbone of commerce and Industry. No business can stay in the business world without advertisement. A successful businessman is one who snatches away money from even the most miserly and reluctant customer. Thus, the business world rotates on the pivot of advertisement. As the world is progressing, so the means of advertisement are also increasing. We allknow that big posters are pasted on the walls, and handbills are distributed to advance the sale of goods. Walls are painted and big signboards are displayed on crossings and prominent places toserve this purpose. In a cinema hall, first of all we see the advertisement slides. A major part of thedaily newspapers is full of advertisement. ‘Situations Vacant’, ‘Tender Notice’, ‘Educational’, ‘Lostand Found’, ‘Matrimonial’, cinema advertisements, and advertisements of so many other commodities are regular features of all newspapers. Radio and Television also are being used asmeans of commercial advertisement. A good advertisement must have certain qualities. First, it should be based on human- psychology. A thing meant for ladies, should be advertised in such a way that they are attractedtowards it. If men are to be customers, then it should appeal to their tastes. Goods for differentincome groups should be advertised, taking into consideration their purchasing power. A motor car is a thing for the rich. Its advertisement must be touch the mentality of the rich. Usha SewingMachine should be advertised in such a way that the family man, with ordinary income, may feelthe economic advantages of the investment of his money on it. Secondly, advertisements should be attractive. This is very essential. People look towardsan advertisement only if it is eye-catching. Good, interesting pictures are very effective form this point of view. We all know about ‘Sanforised cloth’. The advertisements to show that quality of the cloth display a man wearing a suit of non-sanforized cloth. He appears funny and uncomfortable ashis suit has gone out of fit by washing. Another man is shown wearing a suit of ‘Sanforised cloth’. How smart and active he appears. We immediately learn that ‘Sanforised cloth’ is best because itdoes not shrink. So a good advertisement must be interesting, attractive and eye-catching. But proper sanctity must be maintained and unnecessary exposure must be avoided. It must also befrequently repeated, otherwise people forget all about the goods advertised. do not like to waste their time on things which do not concern them. So to be successful,advertisement must be brief. Long descriptive stories or certificates of praise about certain thing donot make good advertisement. This is an important point in advertising and a good advertiser mustkeep it in mind. Advertisements are not concerned with the good or bad quality of goods. Even the mostinjurious goods are advertised these days. Advertisements of undesirable drugs and medicines andindecent literature, so common. They simply cheat the public. So we should be careful while purchasing an advertised article. We should use our own mind, instead of blindly following theadvice of the advertisement. In our country, the art of advertising is in its infancy. in progressive countries, likeAmerica, big business concerns have specialists and experts for this purpose. They spend hugeamounts of money on advertisement. But it is not so in our country. Some businessmen consider their products to be very superior. They think advertisement unnecessary. This is undesirable. Toget success in business every big or small business-concern must make effective us of art of advertising goods. To run a business without its aid is not possible in the modern age. â€Å"the advertisement for the body-spray, Impulse. The whole idea of a man absorbed in hisdaily routine being suddenly roused out of it by a whiff of Impulse and then going through a seriesof impulsive actions to compliment the lady wearing it, is romantic and endearing to most women. This combined with the light, tinkling piano accompaniment and soft-focus filming makes theadvertisement an attractive one. Then we have the newspaper and magazine advertisements, invibrant color, interesting graphics and witty slogans. Take a look at most cosmetic advertisementslike Maybelline or Cover girl, where the page is attractively splashed with the newest colors themanufacturer has come up with a pretty, lively girl caught in mid-laughter. Therefore, advertisements today are generally interesting due to the visual and sound effects made possible yadvanced technology in the various mediums of print, sound and film, and a little imagination,especially when rival companies try their best to attract consumers and so try to advertise better. Are they useless? Not necessarily. In many ways advertisements help to keep the cost of most publications low so that we can afford them quite easily. This applies in the case of our dailynewspaper â€Å"The Straits Times†, the Sunday â€Å"Asia Magazine†, the popular â€Å"Readers Digest† andespecially the publication we are all familiar with, our respective school magazines. Theadvertisers pay to advertise and this payment subsidizes publishing cost so that we pay less thanwhat we might otherwise have to pay. Advertisements also help to ease our boredom sometimes. How many times have people been roused out of a bored stupor once they see an interestingadvertisement on a billboard or bus or when lazily flicking through a magazine? Also,advertisements either interesting or otherwise, especially of otherwise, do promote conversationamong friends when they discuss them, how an advertisement is so silly, or another is unusual andimaginative and yet another is introducing an interesting and attractive product which might beworth buying. This then brings us to the last point. Are advertisements misleading? One of their uses is that they inform us as to what is available on the market, but is this informationwholly true? Their main function is to attract buyers so naturally, only certain details regarding a product are highlighted while others are not provided at all. We are made to believe that a productis long-lasting, worthwhile, multi-purpose and bound to give us that happiness we cannot findelsewhere. Perfume advertisements promise to bring the opposite sex falling at one’s feet,dictionary and encyclopedia advertisements promise to give us all the wisdom and knowledge inthe world, cosmetic advertisement for â€Å"Ponderosa Steak & Salad Restaurant† promises juicy andtender steak and delicious salad. I have eaten there and found the steak to be of very low quality,for a very high price, but the salad was everything the advertisement led me to believe. conclusion:So in conclusion, I would say that modernAdvertisements are boring, unless and oftenmisleading. †